提到分布式锁大家都会想到如下两种:
Redisson
组件,使用redlock算法实现Apache Curator
,利用Zookeeper的临时顺序节点模型实现今天我们来说说第三种,使用Spring Integration
实现,也是我个人比较推荐的一种。
Spring Integration
在基于Spring的应用程序中实现轻量级消息传递,并支持通过声明适配器与外部系统集成。Spring Integration的主要目标是提供一个简单的模型来构建企业集成解决方案,同时保持关注点的分离,这对于生成可维护,可测试的代码至关重要。我们熟知的 Spring Cloud Stream的底层就是Spring Integration。
官方地址:https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-integration
Spring Integration提供的全局锁目前为如下存储提供了实现:
它们使用相同的API抽象,这意味着,不论使用哪种存储,你的编码体验是一样的。试想一下你目前是基于zookeeper实现的分布式锁,哪天你想换成redis的实现,我们只需要修改相关依赖和配置就可以了,无需修改代码。下面是你使用Spring Integration
实现分布式锁时需要关注的方法:
方法名 | 描述 |
---|---|
lock() | Acquires the lock. 加锁,如果已经被其他线程锁住或者当前线程不能获取锁则阻塞 |
lockInterruptibly() | Acquires the lock unless the current thread is interrupted. 加锁,除非当前线程被打断。 |
tryLock() | Acquires the lock only if it is free at the time of invocation. 尝试加锁,如果已经有其他锁锁住,获取当前线程不能加锁,则返回false,加锁失败;加锁成功则返回true |
tryLock(long time, TimeUnit unit) | Acquires the lock if it is free within the given waiting time and the current thread has not been interrupted. 尝试在指定时间内加锁,如果已经有其他锁锁住,获取当前线程不能加锁,则返回false,加锁失败;加锁成功则返回true |
unlock() | Releases the lock. 解锁 |
话不多说,我们看看使用Spring Integration
如何基于redis和zookeeper快速实现分布式锁,至于Gemfire 和 Jdbc的实现大家自行实践。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-integration-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
spring:
redis:
host: 172.31.0.149
port: 7111
RedisLockRegistry
@Configuration
public class RedisLockConfiguration {
@Bean
public RedisLockRegistry redisLockRegistry(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
return new RedisLockRegistry(redisConnectionFactory, "redis-lock");
}
}
@RestController
@RequestMapping("lock")
@Log4j2
public class DistributedLockController {
@Autowired
private RedisLockRegistry redisLockRegistry;
@GetMapping("/redis")
public void test1() {
Lock lock = redisLockRegistry.obtain("redis");
try{
//尝试在指定时间内加锁,如果已经有其他锁锁住,获取当前线程不能加锁,则返回false,加锁失败;加锁成功则返回true
if(lock.tryLock(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS)){
log.info("lock is ready");
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error("obtain lock error",e);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
/lock/redis
端点,一个正常秩序业务逻辑,另外一个实例访问出现如下错误
说明第二个实例没有拿到锁,证明了分布式锁的存在。注意,如果使用新版Springboot进行集成时需要使用Redis4版本,否则会出现下面的异常告警,主要是
unlock()
释放锁时使用了UNLINK命令,这个需要Redis4版本才能支持。
2020-05-14 11:30:24,781 WARN RedisLockRegistry:339 - The UNLINK command has failed (not supported on the Redis server?); falling back to the regular DELETE command
org.springframework.data.redis.RedisSystemException: Error in execution; nested exception is io.lettuce.core.RedisCommandExecutionException: ERR unknown command 'UNLINK'
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-integration</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.integration</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-integration-zookeeper</artifactId>
</dependency>
zookeeper:
host: 172.31.0.43:2181
ZookeeperLockRegistry
@Configuration
public class ZookeeperLockConfiguration {
@Value("${zookeeper.host}")
private String zkUrl;
@Bean
public CuratorFrameworkFactoryBean curatorFrameworkFactoryBean(){
return new CuratorFrameworkFactoryBean(zkUrl);
}
@Bean
public ZookeeperLockRegistry zookeeperLockRegistry(CuratorFramework curatorFramework){
return new ZookeeperLockRegistry(curatorFramework,"/zookeeper-lock");
}
}
@RestController
@RequestMapping("lock")
@Log4j2
public class DistributedLockController {
@Autowired
private ZookeeperLockRegistry zookeeperLockRegistry;
@GetMapping("/zookeeper")
public void test2() {
Lock lock = zookeeperLockRegistry.obtain("zookeeper");
try{
//尝试在指定时间内加锁,如果已经有其他锁锁住,获取当前线程不能加锁,则返回false,加锁失败;加锁成功则返回true
if(lock.tryLock(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS)){
log.info("lock is ready");
TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(5);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
log.error("obtain lock error",e);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
测试
启动多个实例,分别访问/lock/zookeeper
端点,一个正常秩序业务逻辑,另外一个实例访问出现如下错误
说明第二个实例没有拿到锁,证明了分布式锁的存在。
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