Nginx 常用配置清单

Nginx 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理 web 服务器，同时也提供了 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 服务，其因丰富的功能集、稳定性、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗受到了开发者的欢迎。本文，我们总结了一些常用的 Nginx 配置代码，希望对大家有所帮助。

侦听端口

server { 
# Standard HTTP Protocol 
listen 80; 
# Standard HTTPS Protocol 
listen 443 ssl; 
# For http2 
listen 443 ssl http2; 
# Listen on 80 using IPv6 
listen [::]:80; 
# Listen only on using IPv6 
listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on;
}

访问日志

server { 
# Relative or full path to log file 
access_log /path/to/file.log; 
# Turn 'on' or 'off'  
access_log on;
}

域名

server {
# Listen to yourdomain.com 
server_name yourdomain.com; 
# Listen to multiple domains server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com; 
# Listen to all domains
server_name *.yourdomain.com; 
# Listen to all top-level domains 
server_name yourdomain.*; 
# Listen to unspecified Hostnames (Listens to IP address itself) 
server_name "";
}

静态资产

server { 
listen 80; 
server_name yourdomain.com; 
location / { 
root /path/to/website; 
}
}

重定向

server { 
listen 80;
server_name www.yourdomain.com;
return 301 http://yourdomain.com$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 80; 
server_name www.yourdomain.com; 
location /redirect-url { 
return 301 http://otherdomain.com; 
}
}

反向代理

server { 
listen 80; 
server_name yourdomain.com;
location / { 
proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:3000; 
# where 0.0.0.0:3000 is your application server (Ex: node.js) bound on 0.0.0.0 listening on port 3000 
}
}

负载均衡

upstream node_js { 
server 0.0.0.0:3000; 
server 0.0.0.0:4000; 
server 123.131.121.122;
}
server { 
listen 80; 
server_name yourdomain.com;
location / { 
proxy_pass http://node_js; 
}
}

SSL 协议

server { 
listen 443 ssl; 
server_name yourdomain.com;
ssl on; 
ssl_certificate /path/to/cert.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /path/to/privatekey.pem; 
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on; 
ssl_trusted_certificate /path/to/fullchain.pem; 
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_session_timeout 1h;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:50m;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=15768000;
}
# Permanent Redirect for HTTP to HTTPS
server 
{ 
listen 80; 
server_name yourdomain.com; 
return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

其实可以采用可视化的方式对 Nginx 进行配置，我在 GitHub 上发现了一款可以一键生成 Nginx 配置的神器，相当给力。

先来看看它都支持什么功能的配置：反向代理、HTTPS、HTTP/2、IPv6, 缓存、WordPress、CDN、Node.js 支持、 Python (Django) 服务器等等。

如果你想在线进行配置，只需要打开网站：https://nginxconfig.io/，按照自己的需求进行操作就行了。 选择你的场景，填写好参数，系统就会自动生成配置文件。

开源地址：github.com/digitalocean/nginxconfig.io

网站：digitalocean.com/community/tools/nginx