iOS Crash 治理：淘宝VisionKitCore 问题修复 - 哈喽比特

本文通过逆向系统，阅读汇编指令，逐步找到源码，定位到了 iOS 16.0.<iOS 16.2 WKWebView 的系统bug 。同时苹果已经在新版本修复了 Bug，对于巨大的存量用户，仍旧会造成日均 Crash pv 1200+ uv 1000+，最终通过 Hook 系统行为，规避此 Bug。在手机淘宝双 11 版本中已经彻底修复，Crash 跌 0。

01 背景

手机淘宝的 Crash 率（Crash+Abort）维持在了 x% 左右一两年的时间了，今年组织又提出了更高的要求，努力把 Crash 再降一降，我也参与到了其中，我在其中负责几个疑难杂症，有幸定位解决了一些操作系统的 Bug。本文将Crash在 VisionKitCore 的系统 Bug 调研过程以及解决方案记录一下。

02 Crash 信息

堆栈特征：

Noteable Address 特征：

额外信息：（观察到都是图文详情）

PS 有水印不方便透出，额外信息为改造 KSCrash 附带的当前页面信息。

版本特征：

crash 占比：有堆栈 Crash 第三名

以上简单信息已经可以佐证，首先这大概率是一个操作系统 Bug，并且由于前期念纪大佬治理了较多业务堆栈问题，这个疑难杂症已经登上了 Crash （有堆栈）的排行榜 Top 3 了，必须要投入解决了。

03 排查定位

先在苹果论坛搜索了下这个 Crash 堆栈，发现果然有人反馈过这个 Crash。

https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/718305

发现去年苹果论坛有人反馈是因为在webview 长按复制图片的逻辑中触发了这个 bug，有位用户反馈了，禁用掉这个 WKWebview 长按手势就可以规避掉这个 Crash （其实不行）。基于以上信息进行测试，并且从平台找到一个用户访问的图文详情尝试寻找堆栈。

WKWebView *webview = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds];
[self.view addSubview:webview];
[webview loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://url"]] ];

论坛用户描述的是：禁用长按就不会 crash，但是我测试下来，禁用长按只会让 wkwebview 不创建选择框，但是还是会走创建图片的逻辑，同时手机淘宝的 WebView 容器禁用掉了默认的长按选择框，只实现了一个保存图片的功能，因此这个帖子的解决办法并不能解决手机淘宝的 bug。

刚好今年系统性学习了下 Arm 64 汇编，刚好锻炼下新掌握的知识，从底层找下 Bug、简要堆栈。

Incident Identifier: 9DAC8C95-D65D-4AA2-BF12-D36DC1A7F3B8
CrashReporter Key:   KSCrash2
Hardware Model:      iPhone14,2
Process:             Taobao4iPhone [20565]
Path:                /private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/36FBCF28-38AA-40B3-8234-EDAE1B3D6611/Taobao4iPhone.app/Taobao4iPhone
Identifier:          TBXDetailViewController|com.taobao.taobao4iphone
Version:             31863389 (10.27.40)
Code Type:           ARM-64
Parent Process:      ? [1]

Date/Time:           2023-09-11 21:32:18 +0800
Launch Time:         2023-09-11 21:27:01 +0800
OS Version:          iOS 16.1.1 (20B101)
Report Version:      104

Exception Type:  EXC_BAD_ACCESS
Exception Codes: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x0000000173fc8000
Exception Subtype: SIGSEGV
Triggered by Thread:  99

Thread 99 Crashed:
0   libsystem_platform.dylib        0x000000021350e930 0x21350e000 + 2352    _platform_memmove :96 (in libsystem_platform.dylib)
1   CoreGraphics                    0x00000001c8159988 0x1c80f3000 + 420232  _CGDataProviderCreateWithCopyOfData :20 (in CoreGraphics)
2   CoreGraphics                    0x00000001c8142648 0x1c80f3000 + 325192  _CGBitmapContextCreateImage :216 (in CoreGraphics)
3   VisionKitCore                   0x0000000208405ad0 0x2083fa000 + 47824   -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:] :348 (in VisionKitCore)
4   VisionKitCore                   0x0000000208405880 0x2083fa000 + 47232   -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage] :156 (in VisionKitCore)
5   VisionKitCore                   0x000000020849da98 0x2083fa000 + 670360   __vk_cgImageRemoveBackgroundWithDownsizing_block_invoke :64 (in VisionKitCore)
6   VisionKitCore                   0x0000000208473a5c 0x2083fa000 + 498268   __63-[VKCRemoveBackgroundRequestHandler performRequest:completion:]_block_invoke.5 :436 (in VisionKitCore)
7   MediaAnalysisServices           0x0000000209847968 0x209840000 + 31080    __92-[MADService performRequests:onPixelBuffer:withOrientation:andIdentifier:completionHandler:]_block_invoke.38 :400 (in MediaAnalysisServices)
8   CoreFoundation                  0x00000001c65b8704 0x1c6544000 + 476932   __invoking___ :148 (in CoreFoundation)
9   CoreFoundation                  0x00000001c6564b6c 0x1c6544000 + 133996   -[NSInvocation invoke] :428 (in CoreFoundation)
10  Foundation                      0x00000001c09c5b08 0x1c0924000 + 662280   __NSXPCCONNECTION_IS_CALLING_OUT_TO_REPLY_BLOCK__ :16 (in Foundation)
11  Foundation                      0x00000001c0996ef0 0x1c0924000 + 470768   -[NSXPCConnection _decodeAndInvokeReplyBlockWithEvent:sequence:replyInfo:] :520 (in Foundation)
12  Foundation                      0x00000001c0f702e4 0x1c0924000 + 6603492  __88-[NSXPCConnection _sendInvocation:orArguments:count:methodSignature:selector:withProxy:]_block_invoke_5 :188 (in Foundation)
13  libxpc.dylib                    0x0000000213604f1c 0x2135e7000 + 122652   _xpc_connection_reply_callout :124 (in libxpc.dylib)
14  libxpc.dylib                    0x00000002135f7fb4 0x2135e7000 + 69556    _xpc_connection_call_reply_async :88 (in libxpc.dylib)
15  libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001cdb1e05c 0x1cdb1a000 + 16476    _dispatch_client_callout3 :20 (in libdispatch.dylib)
16  libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001cdb3bf58 0x1cdb1a000 + 139096   _dispatch_mach_msg_async_reply_invoke :344 (in libdispatch.dylib)
17  libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001cdb2556c 0x1cdb1a000 + 46444    _dispatch_lane_serial_drain :376 (in libdispatch.dylib)
18  libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001cdb26214 0x1cdb1a000 + 49684    _dispatch_lane_invoke :436 (in libdispatch.dylib)
19  libdispatch.dylib               0x00000001cdb30e10 0x1cdb1a000 + 93712    _dispatch_workloop_worker_thread :652 (in libdispatch.dylib)
20  libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00000002135a3df8 0x2135a3000 + 3576     _pthread_wqthread :288 (in libsystem_pthread.dylib)
21  libsystem_pthread.dylib         0x00000002135a3b98 0x2135a3000 + 2968     _start_wqthread :8 (in libsystem_pthread.dylib)
Thread State:
     x8:0xe361afd13768009c     x9:0xe361afd13768009c     lr:0x00000001c8155de0     fp:0x000000016bcae040
    x10:0x0000000000000090    x12:0x0000000115204f70    x11:0x000000021cbc2268    x14:0x000000021dfff180
    x13:0x000000021dfff160    x16:0x000000021350e8d0    x15:0x00000000e781489a     sp:0x000000016bcadfb0
    x18:0x0000000000000000    x17:0x000000021e003320    x19:0x0000000000143c00   cpsr:0x0000000020001000
     pc:0x000000021350e930    x21:0x0000000000148000    x20:0x0000000173e846c8     x0:0x000000016fe8c6c8
    x23:0x000000016fe8c000     x1:0x0000000173fc8000    x22:0x000000016fe8c6c8     x2:0x00000000000002a8
    x25:0x0000000000000020     x3:0x000000016ffd0000    x24:0x000000021cbae570     x4:0x0000000003ff8000
    x27:0x0000000000000000     x5:0x0000000000000018    x26:0x0000000000000008     x6:0x000000000000002c
     x7:0x0000000000000000    x28:0x000000028040e180
Binary Images:
0x0000000104638000 - 0x000000010c70bfff Taobao4iPhone arm64  <23be6181e1c43ce9a6b37d61de01bab3> /private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/36FBCF28-38AA-40B3-8234-EDAE1B3D6611/Taobao4iPhone.app/Taobao4iPhone
0x000000021350e000 - 0x0000000213514ff3 libsystem_platform.dylib arm64e  <29a26364acef38c28b0ddb0dfca0bb65> /usr/lib/system/libsystem_platform.dylib
0x00000001c80f3000 - 0x00000001c8700ff3 CoreGraphics arm64e  <ffb3f1e74e3b3ff79d00be32c9d8133c> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreGraphics.framework/CoreGraphics
0x00000002083fa000 - 0x0000000208500fff VisionKitCore arm64e  <ce997b5ba4b03818bba22d7f057bc3a2> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/VisionKitCore.framework/VisionKitCore
0x0000000209840000 - 0x000000020985dfff MediaAnalysisServices arm64e  <0c75ee56f3343b8ca96080651906e0dd> /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/MediaAnalysisServices.framework/MediaAnalysisServices
0x00000001c6544000 - 0x00000001c6929fff CoreFoundation arm64e  <5cdc5d9ae5063740b64ebb30867b4f1b> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation
0x00000001c0924000 - 0x00000001c126dfff Foundation arm64e  <c431acb6fe043d28b6774de6e1c7d81f> /System/Library/Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Foundation


Notable Addresses:
memory near x0: 
    0x000000016fe8c678: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016fe8c688: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016fe8c698: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016fe8c6a8: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016fe8c6b8: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
  ->0x000000016fe8c6c8: 878787a3aaaaaac5 a9a9a9c5b5b5b5d2 ................
    0x000000016fe8c6d8: cbcbcbe7d5d5d5f0 d6d6d6f1d4d4d4f1 ................
    0x000000016fe8c6e8: d4d4d4f1d6d6d6f4 d8d8d8f7d8d8d8f8 ................
      [0xf8d8d8d8f7d8d8d8:  [objc_object: NSString()]]
    0x000000016fe8c6f8: d9d9d9fadadadafb dbdbdbfbdcdcdcfc ................
    0x000000016fe8c708: dededefddfdfdffe dfdfdffedfdfdffe ................
    0x000000016fe8c718: dfdfdffedfdfdffe dfdfdfffe0e0e0ff ................
    0x000000016fe8c728: e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff e0e0e0ffdfdfdfff ................
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
      [0xffdfdfdfffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(Hh-e2cRJ)]]
    0x000000016fe8c738: e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff ................
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
    0x000000016fe8c748: e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff ................
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
    0x000000016fe8c758: e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff e0e0e0ffe0e0e0ff ................
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
      [0xffe0e0e0ffe0e0e0:  [objc_object: NSString(NATY2cRJ)]]
  memory near x1: 
    0x0000000173fc7fb0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x0000000173fc7fc0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x0000000173fc7fd0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x0000000173fc7fe0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x0000000173fc7ff0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
  memory near x3: 
    0x000000016ffcffb0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffcffc0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffcffd0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffcffe0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffcfff0: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
  ->0x000000016ffd0000: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0010: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0020: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0030: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0040: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0050: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0060: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0070: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0080: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................
    0x000000016ffd0090: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ................

图文详情链接：
https://xxxx.xx.com

分析关键函数汇编指令

函数调用栈为：

0   libsystem_platform.dylib        0x00000001fb27a930 _platform_memmove :96 (in libsystem_platform.dylib)
1   CoreGraphics                    0x00000001afec1988 _CGDataProviderCreateWithCopyOfData :20 (in CoreGraphics)
2   CoreGraphics                    0x00000001afeaa648 _CGBitmapContextCreateImage :216 (in CoreGraphics)
3   VisionKitCore                   0x00000001f0171ad0 -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:] :348 (in VisionKitCore)
4   VisionKitCore                   0x00000001f0171880 -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage] :156 (in VisionKitCore)
5   VisionKitCore                   0x00000001f0209a98 __vk_cgImageRemoveBackgroundWithDownsizing_block_invoke :64 (in VisionKitCore)

基础知识：
Arm 64 调用约定及传参规范（地址：https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0024/a/The-ABI-for-ARM-64-bit-Architecture/Register-use-in-the-AArch64-Procedure-Call-Standard/Parameters-in-general-purpose-registers）

针对本文，只需要了解到，

x0..x7 是函数调用时传递参数使用到的通用寄存器，分别为第 1 个到第 7 个标量参数

v0-v8 是128位浮点计数器，d0-d7 只取低 8 字节浮点数，用于传递第 1 个到第 7 个浮点数参数
x29 为 fp 寄存器，指向栈底
x30 为 lr 寄存器，记录函数调用返回地址

符号化，必须要选择与出现问题的操作系统一样的版本幸好万瑜老师手里有一台 iOS 16.1.1 的手机。

libSystem_platform_platform_memmove 分析

__platform_memmove: (x0: dest, x1: src, x2: count)
00000001d3d628d0  sub  x3, x0, x1 ; x3 = x0 - x1 
00000001d3d628d4  cmp  x3, x2 ; x3 < x2?
00000001d3d628d8  b.lo  0x1d3d62aa0; 看起来是判断 src的尾部 和 dest 有没有重叠 本例没有满足小于
00000001d3d628dc  mov  x3, x0; x3 = x0 
00000001d3d628e0  cmp  x2, #0x40; x2 - 0x40? 
00000001d3d628e4  b.lo  0x1d3d62a7c ; 判断count 有没有小于 0x40, 本例没有满足小于
00000001d3d628e8  sub  x4, x1, x0 ; x4 = x1 - x0 
00000001d3d628ec  cmp  x4, x2; x4 - x2 ; 看起来是判断 dest 的尾部 和 src 有没有重叠 
00000001d3d628f0  b.lo  0x1d3d629b4; 也没有满足
00000001d3d628f4  cmp  x2, #0x4, lsl #12; 比较 count 是否小于 #0x4000,
00000001d3d628f8  b.lo  0x1d3d62958; 本例也没有小于
00000001d3d628fc  add  x3, x3, #0x20
00000001d3d62900  and  x3, x3, #0xffffffffffffffe0


00000001d3d62904  ldnp  q2, q3, [x1]
00000001d3d62908  sub  x5, x3, x0
00000001d3d6290c  add  x1, x1, x5
00000001d3d62910  ldnp  q0, q1, [x1]
00000001d3d62914  add  x1, x1, #0x20

00000001d3d62918  sub  x2, x2, x5
00000001d3d6291c  stnp  q2, q3, [x0]
00000001d3d62920  subs  x2, x2, #0x40
00000001d3d62924  b.ls  0x1d3d62940
00000001d3d62928  stnp  q0, q1, [x3]
00000001d3d6292c  add  x3, x3, #0x20
00000001d3d62930  ldnp  q0, q1, [x1]
; 崩溃第 16 行堆栈 这里 x1 的地址是 0x0000000173fc8000   

near x0附近全是 0000

通过分析，可以看到 __platform_memmove，的代码是一个较为常见的 memove 或者memcopy的实现，有一些首尾重叠校验，最终 Crash 的时候发现 X1 寄存器的内存地址指向了一块数据，这快数据出现了异常。继续往看。

_CGDataProviderCreateWithCopyOfData

这里发现 _CGDataProviderCreateWithCopyOfData 地址跳转的是 _create_protected_copy，(⊙o⊙)…

神奇的是 Crash 堆栈里面并没有这个函数调用栈。并且_create_protected_copy 也没有找到任何关于 _platform_memmove 的 b、br、bl 调用，难道是这堆栈有点问题？

CoreGraphics`create_protected_copy:
->  0x19c8a1cd0 <+0>:   pacibsp 
    0x19c8a1cd4 <+4>:   sub    sp, sp, #0xa0
    0x19c8a1cd8 <+8>:   stp    x24, x23, [sp, #0x60]
    0x19c8a1cdc <+12>:  stp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x70]
    0x19c8a1ce0 <+16>:  stp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x80]
    0x19c8a1ce4 <+20>:  stp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x90]
    0x19c8a1ce8 <+24>:  add    x29, sp, #0x90
    0x19c8a1cec <+28>:  mov    x21, #0x0
    0x19c8a1cf0 <+32>:  cbz    x0, 0x19c8a1e5c           ; <+396>
    0x19c8a1cf4 <+36>:  mov    x19, x1
    0x19c8a1cf8 <+40>:  cbz    x1, 0x19c8a1e5c           ; <+396>
    0x19c8a1cfc <+44>:  mov    x20, x0
    0x19c8a1d00 <+48>:  adrp   x8, 341894
    0x19c8a1d04 <+52>:  ldr    x8, [x8, #0xaa0]
    0x19c8a1d08 <+56>:  ldr    x8, [x8]
    0x19c8a1d0c <+60>:  cmp    x8, x19
    0x19c8a1d10 <+64>:  b.ls   0x19c8a1d48               ; <+120>
    0x19c8a1d14 <+68>:  mov    x0, #0x0
    0x19c8a1d18 <+72>:  mov    x1, x20
    0x19c8a1d1c <+76>:  mov    x2, x19
    0x19c8a1d20 <+80>:  ldp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x90]
    0x19c8a1d24 <+84>:  ldp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x80]
    0x19c8a1d28 <+88>:  ldp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x70]
    0x19c8a1d2c <+92>:  ldp    x24, x23, [sp, #0x60]
    0x19c8a1d30 <+96>:  add    sp, sp, #0xa0
    0x19c8a1d34 <+100>: autibsp 
    0x19c8a1d38 <+104>: eor    x16, x30, x30, lsl #1
    0x19c8a1d3c <+108>: tbz    x16, #0x3e, 0x19c8a1d44   ; <+116>
    0x19c8a1d40 <+112>: brk    #0xc471
    0x19c8a1d44 <+116>: b      0x1a076cd80
    0x19c8a1d48 <+120>: neg    x9, x8
    0x19c8a1d4c <+124>: and    x22, x9, x20
    0x19c8a1d50 <+128>: add    x10, x19, x20
    0x19c8a1d54 <+132>: add    x8, x10, x8
    0x19c8a1d58 <+136>: sub    x8, x8, #0x1
    0x19c8a1d5c <+140>: and    x8, x8, x9
    0x19c8a1d60 <+144>: sub    x21, x8, x22
    0x19c8a1d64 <+148>: mov    x0, #0x0
    0x19c8a1d68 <+152>: mov    x1, x21
    0x19c8a1d6c <+156>: mov    w2, #0x3
    0x19c8a1d70 <+160>: mov    w3, #0x1002
    0x19c8a1d74 <+164>: mov    w4, #0x36000000
    0x19c8a1d78 <+168>: mov    x5, #0x0
    0x19c8a1d7c <+172>: bl     0x1a076e5c0
    0x19c8a1d80 <+176>: cmn    x0, #0x1
    0x19c8a1d84 <+180>: b.eq   0x19c8a1e58               ; <+392>
    0x19c8a1d88 <+184>: mov    x23, x0
    0x19c8a1d8c <+188>: adrp   x24, 341894
    0x19c8a1d90 <+192>: ldr    x24, [x24, #0xa80]
    0x19c8a1d94 <+196>: ldr    w0, [x24]
    0x19c8a1d98 <+200>: mov    x1, x22
    0x19c8a1d9c <+204>: mov    x2, x21
    0x19c8a1da0 <+208>: mov    x3, x23
    0x19c8a1da4 <+212>: bl     0x1a076ecd0
    0x19c8a1da8 <+216>: sub    x8, x20, x22
    0x19c8a1dac <+220>: add    x22, x8, x23
    0x19c8a1db0 <+224>: cbz    w0, 0x19c8a1de0           ; <+272>
    0x19c8a1db4 <+228>: adrp   x8, 1405
    0x19c8a1db8 <+232>: add    x8, x8, #0xed9            ; "copy_read_only"
    0x19c8a1dbc <+236>: stp    x8, x0, [sp]
    0x19c8a1dc0 <+240>: adrp   x1, 1405
    0x19c8a1dc4 <+244>: add    x1, x1, #0xeba            ; "%s: vm_copy failed: status %d."
    0x19c8a1dc8 <+248>: mov    w0, #0x0
    0x19c8a1dcc <+252>: bl     0x19cb1ffcc               ; CGLog
    0x19c8a1dd0 <+256>: mov    x0, x22
    0x19c8a1dd4 <+260>: mov    x1, x20
    0x19c8a1dd8 <+264>: mov    x2, x19
    0x19c8a1ddc <+268>: bl     0x19cc48f80               ; symbol stub for: memcpy
    0x19c8a1de0 <+272>: ldr    w0, [x24]
    0x19c8a1de4 <+276>: mov    x1, x22
    0x19c8a1de8 <+280>: mov    x2, x19
    0x19c8a1dec <+284>: mov    w3, #0x1
    0x19c8a1df0 <+288>: mov    w4, #0x1
    0x19c8a1df4 <+292>: bl     0x1a076ecf0
    0x19c8a1df8 <+296>: cbz    x22, 0x19c8a1e58          ; <+392>
    0x19c8a1dfc <+300>: cmp    x22, x20
    0x19c8a1e00 <+304>: b.eq   0x19c8a1d14               ; <+68>
    0x19c8a1e04 <+308>: movi.2d v0, #0000000000000000
    0x19c8a1e08 <+312>: stp    q0, q0, [sp, #0x30]
    0x19c8a1e0c <+316>: stp    q0, q0, [sp, #0x10]
    0x19c8a1e10 <+320>: str    x21, [sp, #0x18]
    0x19c8a1e14 <+324>: adrp   x16, -67
    0x19c8a1e18 <+328>: add    x16, x16, #0x544          ; vm_allocator_deallocate
    0x19c8a1e1c <+332>: paciza x16
    0x19c8a1e20 <+336>: stp    x16, xzr, [sp, #0x48]
    0x19c8a1e24 <+340>: add    x1, sp, #0x10
    0x19c8a1e28 <+344>: mov    x0, #0x0
    0x19c8a1e2c <+348>: bl     0x1a076cb00
    0x19c8a1e30 <+352>: mov    x20, x0
    0x19c8a1e34 <+356>: mov    x0, #0x0
    0x19c8a1e38 <+360>: mov    x1, x22
    0x19c8a1e3c <+364>: mov    x2, x19
    0x19c8a1e40 <+368>: mov    x3, x20
    0x19c8a1e44 <+372>: bl     0x1a076cdb0
    0x19c8a1e48 <+376>: mov    x21, x0
    0x19c8a1e4c <+380>: mov    x0, x20
    0x19c8a1e50 <+384>: bl     0x1a076d200
    0x19c8a1e54 <+388>: b      0x19c8a1e5c               ; <+396>
    0x19c8a1e58 <+392>: mov    x21, #0x0
    0x19c8a1e5c <+396>: mov    x0, x21
    0x19c8a1e60 <+400>: ldp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x90]
    0x19c8a1e64 <+404>: ldp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x80]
    0x19c8a1e68 <+408>: ldp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x70]
    0x19c8a1e6c <+412>: ldp    x24, x23, [sp, #0x60]
    0x19c8a1e70 <+416>: add    sp, sp, #0xa0
    0x19c8a1e74 <+420>: retab

Arm64 Crash 堆栈解析

最后经过请教了大佬同事，补充了一个知识盲区，x86_64的调用约定里面强制要求函数调用时需要将 pc 的下一行地址（返回地址）入栈，因此只需要遍历栈即可获取正确的函数调用栈。

但 Arm 64 体系结构中使用 LR 寄存器存放函数返回地址，如果当前函数也需要调用其他函数，就需要再 prolog 里面保存 lr 寄存器的地址。这也是大家经常在函数调用栈开始看到的模版代码：

WKCopy`+[ViewController load]:
    0x100b0c000 <+0>:  sub    sp, sp, #0x20 // 栈增长
    0x100b0c004 <+4>:  stp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x10] // 旧 lr 和 fp 存栈
    0x100b0c008 <+8>:  add    x29, sp, #0x10 // fp 指向 新的栈底 
  do some thing 
    0x100b0c020 <+32>: ldp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x10] // 恢复 旧的 lr 和 fp
    0x100b0c024 <+36>: add    sp, sp, #0x20 // 栈缩小
    0x100b0c028 <+40>: ret    //  返回上个调用栈

但是由于并不是所有函数都使用栈，这类函数叫 FrameLess 函数。比如 memset. memove memcpy 这类函数通常的逻辑都是通过一个来源地址，每次拷贝一部分数据到寄存器，然后再从寄存器复制到目标地址中，并且地址长度增长到某个长度截止。

同时 Arm64 中还有一类不返回跳转指令，比如 b/br 一般用于桩指令。

在一些尾递归场景中为了省去不必要的返回（当函数发现我调用下一个函数没必要回来）也会直接使用 b 指令来进行优化。其实最常见的就是 msg_send 既用到了尾调用优化，又是 frameless 函数。

当进程 Crash 时，KSCrash 会对函数调用堆栈进行回溯如果函数是 FrameLess函数，规则会有一定细节处理具体来说就是：

崩溃当前函数，直接用 pc 地址，获取最后一个函数栈帧，获取起始范围，
遍历上一个函数栈，通过 ldp fp, lr, x29 取出来 lr 计算函数栈
递归执行2，当lr执行到0的时候，证明到了线程启动函数，终止。

代码见 KSStackCursor

但会有个场景 frameless function + b + frameless function crash，导致堆栈看起来丢失。以本文为例，在这个里面丢失了两行堆栈原因是因为：

memmove 是一个尾调用优化，因此再尾调用优化的自身就丢失了，这确实是正常的
platformmemove 是一个 frameless 函数，因此它没有保存栈的逻辑，取出来的栈上的lr其实是 _create_protected_copy 的函数栈，因为自己都是无栈的，所以丢失了 lr。碰见这种函数可以从 lr 地址里面去看函数地址。

所以本文其实真正的调用堆栈是：

0   libsystem_platform.dylib        0x00000001fb27a930 _platform_memmove :96 (in libsystem_platform.dylib)
  丢失的堆栈2        _memcpy
   丢失的堆栈1：_create_protected_copy 
1   CoreGraphics                    0x00000001afec1988 _CGDataProviderCreateWithCopyOfData :20 (in CoreGraphics)
2   CoreGraphics                    0x00000001afeaa648 _CGBitmapContextCreateImage :216 (in CoreGraphics)
3   VisionKitCore                   0x00000001f0171ad0 -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:] :348 (in VisionKitCore)
4   VisionKitCore                   0x00000001f0171880 -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage] :156 (in VisionKitCore)
5   VisionKitCore                   0x00000001f0209a98 __vk_cgImageRemoveBackgroundWithDownsizing_block_invoke :64 (in VisionKitCore)

接着看：

VisionKitCore`-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]:

VisionKitCore`-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]:
    0x1dcb51974 <+0>:   cbz    x0, 0x1dcb51b98           ; <+548>
    0x1dcb51978 <+4>:   pacibsp 
    0x1dcb5197c <+8>:   sub    sp, sp, #0x90
    0x1dcb51980 <+12>:  stp    d11, d10, [sp, #0x10]
    0x1dcb51984 <+16>:  stp    d9, d8, [sp, #0x20]
    0x1dcb51988 <+20>:  stp    x28, x27, [sp, #0x30]
    0x1dcb5198c <+24>:  stp    x26, x25, [sp, #0x40]
    0x1dcb51990 <+28>:  stp    x24, x23, [sp, #0x50]
    0x1dcb51994 <+32>:  stp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x60]
    0x1dcb51998 <+36>:  stp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x70]
    0x1dcb5199c <+40>:  stp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x80]
    0x1dcb519a0 <+44>:  add    x29, sp, #0x80
    0x1dcb519a4 <+48>:  fmov   d8, d3
    0x1dcb519a8 <+52>:  fmov   d9, d2
    0x1dcb519ac <+56>:  fmov   d10, d1
    0x1dcb519b0 <+60>:  fmov   d11, d0
    0x1dcb519b4 <+64>:  mov    x19, x2
    0x1dcb519b8 <+68>:  mov    x0, x2
    0x1dcb519bc <+72>:  mov    w1, #0x1
    0x1dcb519c0 <+76>:  bl     0x1dda62ce0   CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress（cvpixbuffer）
    0x1dcb519c4 <+80>:  mov    x0, x19   
    0x1dcb519c8 <+84>:  bl     0x1dda62c90    CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress 
    0x1dcb519cc <+88>:  mov    x21, x0  x21 = pix =  address  
    0x1dcb519d0 <+92>:  mov    x0, x19
    0x1dcb519d4 <+96>:  bl     0x1dda62cc0  CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(cvpixbuffer) 
    0x1dcb519d8 <+100>: mov    x1, x0  x1 = pixformatdesc
    0x1dcb519dc <+104>: mov    x0, #0x0
    0x1dcb519e0 <+108>: bl     0x1dda62d20 CVPixelFormatDescriptionCreateWithPixelFormatType(NULL: allocator, pixformatdesc)
    0x1dcb519e4 <+112>: bl     0x1dda632f0  autorelease 
    0x1dcb519e8 <+116>: mov    x20, x0   x0 : __NSFrozenDictionaryM =  format desc
    0x1dcb519ec <+120>: cbz    x0, 0x1dcb51b20           ; <+428>  
    0x1dcb519f0 <+124>: cbz     x21, 0x1dcb51b5c; <+488>校验是否为空 baseAddress pixformatdesc is nil
    0x1dcb519f4 <+128>: fcvtmu x22, d9; 类型转换 x22 = d9 = d3 height
    0x1dcb519f8 <+132>: fcvtmu x23, d8 x23 = width
    0x1dcb519fc <+136>: adrp x8, 64224
    0x1dcb51a00 <+140>: ldr x8, [x8, #0x958]
    0x1dcb51a04 <+144>: ldr x2, [x8]
    0x1dcb51a08 <+148>: mov x0, x20
    0x1dcb51a0c <+152>: bl 0x1dcc41360 pifornmar[BitsPerBlock] is 32 ; objc_msgSend$objectForKeyedSubscript:
    0x1dcb51a10 <+156>: bl 0x1dda632f0 autorelease
    0x1dcb51a14 <+160>: mov x24, x0;  
    0x1dcb51a18 <+164>: bl 0x1dcc3ee00 [x0 integervalue]; objc_msgSend$integerValue
    0x1dcb51a1c <+168>: mov x25, x0  ; x25 = bitsperBlock = 32 
    0x1dcb51a20 <+172>: bl 0x1dda63450 x0 release
    0x1dcb51a24 <+176>: adrp x2, 102753
    0x1dcb51a28 <+180>: add x2, x2, #0x9e0; @"BitsPerComponent"
    0x1dcb51a2c <+184>: mov x0, x20
    0x1dcb51a30 <+188>: bl 0x1dcc41360 pifornmar[BitsPerComponent]; objc_msgSend$objectForKeyedSubscript:
    0x1dcb51a34 <+192>: bl 0x1dda632f0 autorelease
    0x1dcb51a38 <+196>: mov x24, x0  
    0x1dcb51a3c <+200>: bl 0x1dcc3ee00; objc_msgSend$integerValue
    0x1dcb51a40 <+204>: mov x26, x0 ;  x26 = 8 通道
    0x1dcb51a44 <+208>: bl 0x1dda63450   x0 release 
    0x1dcb51a48 <+212>: fmov d0, d11
    0x1dcb51a4c <+216>: fmov d1, d10
    0x1dcb51a50 <+220>: fmov d2, d9
    0x1dcb51a54 <+224>: fmov d3, d8
    0x1dcb51a58 <+228>: bl 0x1dda62af0   CGRectGetMinX 
    0x1dcb51a5c <+232>: fcvtmu x24, d0   x24 = minX
    0x1dcb51a60 <+236>: fmov d0, d11
    0x1dcb51a64 <+240>: fmov d1, d10
    0x1dcb51a68 <+244>: fmov d2, d9
    0x1dcb51a6c <+248>: fmov d3, d8  
    0x1dcb51a70 <+252>: bl 0x1dda62b00  CGRectGetMinY
    0x1dcb51a74 <+256>: fcvtmu x27, d0  ; x27 = minY
  0x1dcb51a78 <+260>: lsr x8, x25, #3 ; 右移三位  x8 = 4了
    0x1dcb51a7c <+264>: madd   x21, x8, x24, x21   (4 *  x24) +  baseAddress
    0x1dcb51a80 <+268>: mov    x0, x19
  0x1dcb51a84 <+272>: bl     0x1dda62ca0  CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(pifbuffer, )
    0x1dcb51a88 <+276>: madd   x21, x0, x27, x21  (byterPerfow * minY ) + baseAddress 
    0x1dcb51a8c <+280>: adrp   x8, 64219
    0x1dcb51a90 <+284>: ldr    x8, [x8, #0xb60]
    0x1dcb51a94 <+288>: ldr    x0, [x8]
    0x1dcb51a98 <+292>: bl     0x1dda627e0    CGColorSpaceCreateWithName(kCGColorSpaceSRGB)
    0x1dcb51a9c <+296>: mov    x24, x0 x24 = <CGColorSpace 0x28121fe40> (kCGColorSpaceICCBased; kCGColorSpaceModelRGB; sRGB IEC61966-2.1)
    0x1dcb51aa0 <+300>: mov    x0, x19; 
    0x1dcb51aa4 <+304>: bl     0x1dda62ca0 CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(pixbuffer)
    0x1dcb51aa8 <+308>: mov    x4, x0 x4 = btresPerrow
    0x1dcb51aac <+312>: mov    x0, x21
    0x1dcb51ab0 <+316>: mov    x1, x22
    0x1dcb51ab4 <+320>: mov    x2, x23
    0x1dcb51ab8 <+324>: mov    x3, x26
    0x1dcb51abc <+328>: mov    x5, x24
    0x1dcb51ac0 <+332>: mov    w6, #0x2002
    0x1dcb51ac4 <+336>: bl     0x1dda62700   CGBitmapContextCreate(baseAddress, width, height ,BitsPerComponent(8), btresPerrow, minX, 0x2002)
    0x1dcb51ac8 <+340>: mov    x21, x0;;  x0 = bitMap 
    0x1dcb51acc <+344>: bl     0x1dda62710;  _CGBitmapContextCreateImage 


// 
    0x1dcb51ad0 <+348>: mov    x22, x0
    0x1dcb51ad4 <+352>: mov    x0, x21
    0x1dcb51ad8 <+356>: bl     0x1dda62850
    0x1dcb51adc <+360>: mov    x0, x24
    0x1dcb51ae0 <+364>: bl     0x1dda62810
    0x1dcb51ae4 <+368>: mov    x0, x19
    0x1dcb51ae8 <+372>: mov    w1, #0x1
    0x1dcb51aec <+376>: bl     0x1dda62d10
    0x1dcb51af0 <+380>: bl     0x1dda63410
    0x1dcb51af4 <+384>: mov    x0, x22
    0x1dcb51af8 <+388>: ldp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x80]
    0x1dcb51afc <+392>: ldp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x70]
    0x1dcb51b00 <+396>: ldp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x60]
    0x1dcb51b04 <+400>: ldp    x24, x23, [sp, #0x50]
    0x1dcb51b08 <+404>: ldp    x26, x25, [sp, #0x40]
    0x1dcb51b0c <+408>: ldp    x28, x27, [sp, #0x30]
    0x1dcb51b10 <+412>: ldp    d9, d8, [sp, #0x20]
    0x1dcb51b14 <+416>: ldp    d11, d10, [sp, #0x10]
    0x1dcb51b18 <+420>: add    sp, sp, #0x90
    0x1dcb51b1c <+424>: retab  
    0x1dcb51b20 <+428>: adrp   x8, 76725
    0x1dcb51b24 <+432>: ldr    x0, [x8, #0xae8]
    0x1dcb51b28 <+436>: adrp   x8, 176
    0x1dcb51b2c <+440>: add    x8, x8, #0xc38            ; "pixelFormatDict"
    0x1dcb51b30 <+444>: str    x8, [sp]
    0x1dcb51b34 <+448>: adrp   x2, 176
    0x1dcb51b38 <+452>: add    x2, x2, #0xbb4            ; "((pixelFormatDict) != nil)"
    0x1dcb51b3c <+456>: adrp   x3, 176
    0x1dcb51b40 <+460>: add    x3, x3, #0xbcf            ; "-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]"
    0x1dcb51b44 <+464>: adrp   x6, 102753
    0x1dcb51b48 <+468>: add    x6, x6, #0x9c0            ; @"Expected non-nil value for '%s'"
    0x1dcb51b4c <+472>: mov    w4, #0x0
    0x1dcb51b50 <+476>: mov    w5, #0x0
    0x1dcb51b54 <+480>: bl     0x1dcc3d080               ; objc_msgSend$handleFailedAssertWithCondition:functionName:simulateCrash:showAlert:format:
    0x1dcb51b58 <+484>: cbnz   x21, 0x1dcb519f4          ; <+128>
    0x1dcb51b5c <+488>: adrp   x8, 76725
    0x1dcb51b60 <+492>: ldr    x0, [x8, #0xae8]
    0x1dcb51b64 <+496>: adrp   x8, 176
    0x1dcb51b68 <+500>: add    x8, x8, #0xc65            ; "bufferBaseAddress"
    0x1dcb51b6c <+504>: str    x8, [sp]
    0x1dcb51b70 <+508>: adrp   x2, 176
    0x1dcb51b74 <+512>: add    x2, x2, #0xc48            ; "((bufferBaseAddress) != nil)"
    0x1dcb51b78 <+516>: adrp   x3, 176
    0x1dcb51b7c <+520>: add    x3, x3, #0xbcf            ; "-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]"
    0x1dcb51b80 <+524>: adrp   x6, 102753
    0x1dcb51b84 <+528>: add    x6, x6, #0x9c0            ; @"Expected non-nil value for '%s'"
    0x1dcb51b88 <+532>: mov    w4, #0x0
    0x1dcb51b8c <+536>: mov    w5, #0x0
    0x1dcb51b90 <+540>: bl     0x1dcc3d080               ; objc_msgSend$handleFailedAssertWithCondition:functionName:simulateCrash:showAlert:format:
    0x1dcb51b94 <+544>: b      0x1dcb519f4               ; <+128>
    0x1dcb51b98 <+548>: ret

伪代码如下：

CVReturn return1 = CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(cvpixbuffer,YES）
 pixaddress = CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(cvpixbuffer)
 formatType = CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(cvpixbuffer) 
 formatDesc: Dictionary = CVPixelFormatDescriptionCreateWithPixelFormatType(NULL, formatType)
 if pixaddress == nil || formatDesc {
    go other logic 
 }

 bitsPerBlock = [formatDesc[bitsperBlock] integerValue]
 bitsPerComponent = [formatDesc[BitsPerComponent] integerValue]

minx = CGRectGetMinX(x, y, w, h)
miny = CGRectGetMinY(x, y, w, h)
baseaddress = (4 *  minx) +  baseAddress
size byterPerRow =  CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(pifbuffer)
 baseAddress (byterPerRow * minY ) + baseAddress 
 colorSpace =  CGColorSpaceCreateWithName(kCGColorSpaceSRGB)
 size byterPerRow =  CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(pifbuffer)
bitMap = CGBitmapContextCreate(baseAddress, width, height ,BitsPerComponent(8), btresPerrow, minX,,colorspace, 0x2002)

CGBitmapContextCreateImage(bitMap)

VisionKitCore`-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage]:

VisionKitCore`-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage]:
    0x1dcb517e4 <+0>:   pacibsp 
    0x1dcb517e8 <+4>:   sub    sp, sp, #0x60
    0x1dcb517ec <+8>:   stp    d11, d10, [sp, #0x10]
    0x1dcb517f0 <+12>:  stp    d9, d8, [sp, #0x20]
    0x1dcb517f4 <+16>:  stp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x30]
    0x1dcb517f8 <+20>:  stp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x40]
    0x1dcb517fc <+24>:  stp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x50]
    0x1dcb51800 <+28>:  add    x29, sp, #0x50
    0x1dcb51804 <+32>:  mov    x20, x0
    0x1dcb51808 <+36>:  bl     0x1dcc41b00               ; objc_msgSend$pixelBuffer
    0x1dcb5180c <+40>:  mov    x19, x0 ; <CVPixelBuffer 0x283708dc0 width=1179 height=1825 bytesPerRow=4736 pixelFormat=BGRA iosurface=0x280214df0 poolName=CoreVideo attributes={
    0x1dcb51810 <+44>:  mov    x0, x20; <VKCRemoveBackgroundResult: 0x282b3cd90>
    0x1dcb51814 <+48>:  bl     0x1dcc3ac00               ; objc_msgSend$cropRect
        // 获取截图区域     d0 = 69.08203125 d1 = 349.31640625 d2 = 1045.44140625 d3 = 741.40625
    0x1dcb51818 <+52>:  fmov   d11, d0
    0x1dcb5181c <+56>:  fmov   d10, d1
    0x1dcb51820 <+60>:  fmov   d9, d2
    0x1dcb51824 <+64>:  fmov   d8, d3
    0x1dcb51828 <+68>:  cbz    x19, 0x1dcb51888; <+164>  判断pixbuffer是否为nil
    0x1dcb5182c <+72>:  fmov   d0, d11
    0x1dcb51830 <+76>:  fmov   d1, d10
    0x1dcb51834 <+80>:  fmov   d2, d9
    0x1dcb51838 <+84>:  fmov   d3, d8
    0x1dcb5183c <+88>:  bl     0x1dcb4cecc               ; VKMRectHasArea
    0x1dcb51840 <+92>:  cbz    w0, 0x1dcb51888 ; <+164> 是否在区域内
    0x1dcb51844 <+96>:  mov    w22, #0x5241
    0x1dcb51848 <+100>: movk   w22, #0x4247, lsl #16
    0x1dcb5184c <+104>: mov    x0, x19
    0x1dcb51850 <+108>: bl     0x1dda62d00; CVPixelBufferRetain ， CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress
    0x1dcb51854 <+112>: mov    x0, x19
    0x1dcb51858 <+116>: bl     0x1dda62cc0; CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType
    0x1dcb5185c <+120>: cmp    w0, w22; 不同就返回
    0x1dcb51860 <+124>: b.ne   0x1dcb518e4  CVPixelBufferGetWidth ; <+256>
    0x1dcb51864 <+128>: mov    x0, x20
    0x1dcb51868 <+132>: mov    x2, x19
    0x1dcb5186c <+136>: fmov   d0, d11
    0x1dcb51870 <+140>: fmov   d1, d10
    0x1dcb51874 <+144>: fmov   d2, d9
    0x1dcb51878 <+148>: fmov   d3, d8
        x0: self, x1: selector x2 cvpixbuffer x
        d0  d0 = 69.08203125
      d1 = 349.31640625
      d2 = 1045.44140625
      d3 = 741.40625
    0x1dcb5187c <+152>: bl     0x1dcb51974               ; -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]




->  0x1dcb51880 <+156>: mov    x20, x0
    0x1dcb51884 <+160>: b      0x1dcb5194c               ; <+360>
    0x1dcb51888 <+164>: adrp   x8, 76725
    0x1dcb5188c <+168>: ldr    x20, [x8, #0xae8]
    0x1dcb51890 <+172>: fmov   d0, d11
    0x1dcb51894 <+176>: fmov   d1, d10
    0x1dcb51898 <+180>: fmov   d2, d9
    0x1dcb5189c <+184>: fmov   d3, d8
    0x1dcb518a0 <+188>: bl     0x1dcbd1834               ; VKMUIStringForRect
    0x1dcb518a4 <+192>: bl     0x1dda632f0
    0x1dcb518a8 <+196>: mov    x21, x0
    0x1dcb518ac <+200>: stp    x19, x0, [sp]
    0x1dcb518b0 <+204>: adrp   x2, 176
    0x1dcb518b4 <+208>: add    x2, x2, #0xaf3            ; "__objc_no"
    0x1dcb518b8 <+212>: adrp   x3, 176
    0x1dcb518bc <+216>: add    x3, x3, #0xafd            ; "-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage]"
    0x1dcb518c0 <+220>: adrp   x6, 102753
    0x1dcb518c4 <+224>: add    x6, x6, #0x9a0            ; @"CreateCGImage is buffer incorrect, buffer: %@, cropRect:%@"
    0x1dcb518c8 <+228>: mov    x0, x20
    0x1dcb518cc <+232>: mov    w4, #0x0
    0x1dcb518d0 <+236>: mov    w5, #0x0
    0x1dcb518d4 <+240>: bl     0x1dcc3d080               ; objc_msgSend$handleFailedAssertWithCondition:functionName:simulateCrash:showAlert:format:
    0x1dcb518d8 <+244>: bl     0x1dda63420
    0x1dcb518dc <+248>: mov    x20, #0x0
    0x1dcb518e0 <+252>: b      0x1dcb51954               ; <+368>
    0x1dcb518e4 <+256>: mov    x21, x0
    0x1dcb518e8 <+260>: adrp   x8, 76725
    0x1dcb518ec <+264>: ldr    x20, [x8, #0xae8]
    0x1dcb518f0 <+268>: mov    w0, #0x5241
    0x1dcb518f4 <+272>: movk   w0, #0x4247, lsl #16
    0x1dcb518f8 <+276>: bl     0x1dcbd1b80               ; VKMUIStringForCVPixelBufferType
    0x1dcb518fc <+280>: bl     0x1dda632f0
    0x1dcb51900 <+284>: mov    x22, x0
    0x1dcb51904 <+288>: mov    x0, x21
    0x1dcb51908 <+292>: bl     0x1dcbd1b80               ; VKMUIStringForCVPixelBufferType
    0x1dcb5190c <+296>: bl     0x1dda632f0
    0x1dcb51910 <+300>: mov    x21, x0
    0x1dcb51914 <+304>: stp    x22, x0, [sp]
    0x1dcb51918 <+308>: adrp   x2, 176
    0x1dcb5191c <+312>: add    x2, x2, #0xaf3            ; "__objc_no"
    0x1dcb51920 <+316>: adrp   x3, 176
    0x1dcb51924 <+320>: add    x3, x3, #0xafd            ; "-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage]"
    0x1dcb51928 <+324>: adrp   x6, 102753
    0x1dcb5192c <+328>: add    x6, x6, #0x980            ; @"Pixel format for createCGImage is incorrect, expected: %@, received: %@. Bailing"
    0x1dcb51930 <+332>: mov    x0, x20
    0x1dcb51934 <+336>: mov    w4, #0x0
    0x1dcb51938 <+340>: mov    w5, #0x0
    0x1dcb5193c <+344>: bl     0x1dcc3d080               ; objc_msgSend$handleFailedAssertWithCondition:functionName:simulateCrash:showAlert:format:
    0x1dcb51940 <+348>: bl     0x1dda63420
    0x1dcb51944 <+352>: bl     0x1dda63430
    0x1dcb51948 <+356>: mov    x20, #0x0
    0x1dcb5194c <+360>: mov    x0, x19
    0x1dcb51950 <+364>: bl     0x1dda62cf0
    0x1dcb51954 <+368>: mov    x0, x20
    0x1dcb51958 <+372>: ldp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x50]
    0x1dcb5195c <+376>: ldp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x40]
    0x1dcb51960 <+380>: ldp    x22, x21, [sp, #0x30]
    0x1dcb51964 <+384>: ldp    d9, d8, [sp, #0x20]
    0x1dcb51968 <+388>: ldp    d11, d10, [sp, #0x10]
    0x1dcb5196c <+392>: add    sp, sp, #0x60
    0x1dcb51970 <+396>: retab

伪代码逻辑：

cvpixbuffer = [VKCRemoveBackgroundResult pifbuffer]
getCropRect = [VKCRemoveBackgroundResult crioRect]
if cvpixbuffer ==nil || !VKMRectHasArea(getCropRect) {
    go other logic 
}
[cvpixbuffer retain ]
VKCRemoveBackgroundResult: _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer: pixbuffer: cropRect: cropRect]

由以上逻辑可以看到系统在 WKWebview 里面长按的逻辑是这样实现的：

WKWebview 跨进程访问了从BitMap 里面截取了一个图片，并且传递给 VisionKitCore，然后 VisionKit 直接从这个区域获取了 buffer 然后创建了一张图片做一些行为。但是具体为什么 Crash 这时候已经很难排查，因为这个 bitmap 的对象其实是很早创建的，只是在这里消费的时候挂掉了，有可能是因为提前释放，有可能是野指针，有可能是越界了~~ 因此尝试从其他地方找一些蛛丝马迹。

04 对比下各版本操作系统

既然线上观察到 iOS 16.2 以上就不会出现 Crash了，那可能真的是系统 Bug ，并且偷偷摸摸解决了。于是寻找几台高版本的手机进行实验。

iOS 16.2

长按 webview 后， __vk_cgImageRemoveBackgroundWithDownsizing_block_invoke函数传递过来的 x1 是 nil，而且针对 VKCRemoveBackgroundResult 所有符号打符号断点，发现长按webview时，不会命中任何逻辑。彻底和 iOS 16.1.1 的设备逻辑不一致了。

iOS 17

到了iOS 17 后又不一样了，VisionKitCore-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]:改成了直接调用 visionkit 里面的 vk_cgImageFromPixelBuffer 创建。

VisionKitCore`-[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult _createCGImageFromBGRAPixelBuffer:cropRect:]:
->  0x204396388 <+0>:   cbz    x0, 0x2043963f8           ; <+112>
    0x20439638c <+4>:   pacibsp 
    0x204396390 <+8>:   stp    d11, d10, [sp, #-0x40]!
    0x204396394 <+12>:  stp    d9, d8, [sp, #0x10]
    0x204396398 <+16>:  stp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x20]
    0x20439639c <+20>:  stp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x30]
    0x2043963a0 <+24>:  add    x29, sp, #0x30
    0x2043963a4 <+28>:  fmov   d8, d3
    0x2043963a8 <+32>:  fmov   d9, d2
    0x2043963ac <+36>:  fmov   d10, d1
    0x2043963b0 <+40>:  fmov   d11, d0
    0x2043963b4 <+44>:  mov    x0, x1
    0x2043963b8 <+48>:  bl     0x20444d4e8               ; vk_cgImageFromPixelBuffer
    0x2043963bc <+52>:  mov    x19, x0
    0x2043963c0 <+56>:  fmov   d0, d11
    0x2043963c4 <+60>:  fmov   d1, d10
    0x2043963c8 <+64>:  fmov   d2, d9
    0x2043963cc <+68>:  fmov   d3, d8
    0x2043963d0 <+72>:  bl     0x206acc070
    0x2043963d4 <+76>:  mov    x20, x0
    0x2043963d8 <+80>:  mov    x0, x19
    0x2043963dc <+84>:  bl     0x206acc110
    0x2043963e0 <+88>:  mov    x0, x20
    0x2043963e4 <+92>:  ldp    x29, x30, [sp, #0x30]
    0x2043963e8 <+96>:  ldp    x20, x19, [sp, #0x20]
    0x2043963ec <+100>: ldp    d9, d8, [sp, #0x10]
    0x2043963f0 <+104>: ldp    d11, d10, [sp], #0x40
    0x2043963f4 <+108>: retab  
    0x2043963f8 <+112>: ret

iOS 16.1.1

blockInvoke 的时候也就是说 x1 一定是有值的，因此会走调用逻辑。

看看这个图片到底有什么用？

看上去绘制了一个低分辨率的缩略图，不知道有啥用。

继续看：

看起来是回调到了 webkit，那webkit 是开源的，继续看——

找到对应设备存在的Webkit版本号：

代码在 ImageAnalysisUtilities.mm（地址：https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit/blob/releases/Apple/Safari-16.1-iOS-16.1.1/Source/WebKit/Platform/cocoa/ImageAnalysisUtilities.mm）

看上去做图像识别的，但是还不确定，继续搜谁调用了它，Github目前能直接搜索符号

基本确认是做图像物体识别的，并且有额外判断逻辑，没有 image 就 return。

WebContextMenuProxyMax.mm（地址：https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit/blob/main/Source/WebKit/UIProcess/mac/WebContextMenuProxyMac.mm#L334）

05 解决方案

基于前面的原因得到一些初步的结论：这个功能是 iOS 16 新增的Feature，也就是图像识别，在iOS 16中，系统相册也可以长按抠图，同时系统直接给 WKWebview 里面的所有图片都增加了这个功能。

iOS 16.0..<16.2 期间的所有版本都是有隐含 Bug 的。并不是开发者造成的
_memmove. platformmemory 是非常底层常用的 API，不可能是这的问题。
大概率是 WKWebview 使用方式导致的，或者是 VisionKit 抠图能力有 Bug。但是由于多次异步加 XPC 调度已经很难确认。

第一种解决方案

我突然想到，既然是默认的行为，那是不是去掉这个行为就好了，同时在前面的的调用栈发现，当 -[VKCRemoveBackgroundResult createCGImage]创建图片识别时，系统也有判空逻辑，不会出现 Crash 那我不让它返回就好了。

于是我写个 demo 测试下Hook 掉这个行为，用了下之前去家里的小猫照片。

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    WKWebView *webview = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds configuration:config];
    [self.view addSubview:webview];
    [webview loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://www.valiantcat.cn/dsn.html"]] ];
    UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:(UIButtonTypeCustom)];
    button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 200);
    [button setTitle:@"点击hook" forState:(UIControlStateNormal)];
    [button setTitleColor:UIColor.redColor forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [self.view addSubview:button];
    button.center = self.view.center;
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(hook) forControlEvents:(UIControlEventTouchUpInside)];
}

- (void)hook {
    Class class = objc_getClass("VKCRemoveBackgroundResult");
    SEL selector = sel_registerName("createCGImage");
    Method m = class_getInstanceMethod(class, selector);
    const char *type = method_getTypeEncoding(m);
    IMP newImp = imp_implementationWithBlock(^CGImageRef(id self, SEL cmd) {
        return NULL;
    });
    IMP oldImp = class_replaceMethod(class, selector, newImp, type);
    NSLog(@"%p", oldImp);
}

可以发现，在 hook 后，长按图片不再有抠图功能。

综上猜测，觉得这个方案可行，于是咨询了下详情和容器，他们并未对 WKWebView 的默认行为做额外处理，并不太会影响手机淘宝的业务。于是准备上线。

不过在上线前突然发现，淘宝里扫一扫和拍立淘有 visionkit 的使用，觉得有风险，又陷入了困境。

Diff 发现

突然想到既然代码是开源，并且只在 iOS 16.0..<iOS16.2 之间的版本有，是不是可以看下系统怎么偷偷摸摸修了bug。果不其然发现了蛛丝马迹，系统在多处 copy 图片的逻辑中都涉及一个图片长度尺寸的变更（但是我在打符号断点的过程中强制修改这个函数的入参，并不能造成同样的Crash）但是经过这个diff，可以更大概率的确认 Bug 来自 WKWebView 而不是 VisionKit。

Diff 链接：https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit/compare/releases/Apple/Safari-16.1-iOS-16.1.2...releases/Apple/Safari-16.2-iOS-16.2?diff=split

第二种解决方案

继续尝试从 WKWebview 排查。长按触发堆栈查找有用信息。

通过阅读代码后发现这是 iOS 16 新增的功能，同时在源码中查找到了是如何添加的手势

突然发现原来在 iOS 16 以前 WKWebView 里面只有一个手势，当长按时，会触发保存图片菜单。

在 iOS 16 以后，WKWebview 添加了两个手势，竞争用户的长按动作。

超时逻辑验证

直接添加符号断点-[WKContentView imageAnalysisGestureDidBegin:]并添加 Command thread return 中断逻辑。发现果然会命中超时逻辑。 结合代码可以看到超时的菜单中没有 copySubject 逻辑。

非超时逻辑

WKContentViewInteraction.mm（地址：https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit/blob/releases/Apple/Safari-16.1-iOS-16.1.1/Source/WebKit/UIProcess/ios/WKContentViewInteraction.mm）抠图识别成功后，具有 CopySubject 菜单。

因此新的方案为 Hook WKWebView 长按手势图片识别能力。

static void hook2(void) {

    Class class = objc_getClass("WKContentView");
    SEL selector = sel_registerName("imageAnalysisGestureDidBegin:");
    Method m = class_getInstanceMethod(class, selector);
    const char *type = method_getTypeEncoding(m);
    IMP newImp = imp_implementationWithBlock(^void(id self,UILongPressGestureRecognizer *ges) {
        // do nothing

    });
    if (m == NULL || class == NULL) {
        return;
    }
    IMP oldImp = class_replaceMethod(class, selector, newImp, type);
}
void hookStart() {
       if (@available (iOS 16.0, *)) {
        if (@available (iOS 16.2, *)) {
            return;
        } else {
           hook2();
        }
    }
}

线上观察

由于 Hook 长按手势后会导致 WKWebview 自带的抠图功能和文字 OCR 功能失效，担心有舆情风险。我们选择在手机淘宝安全气垫 SDK 实现此 Hook，并且通过放量修复。我们在 10.28.11 中通过放量来进行观察，发现Crash 从 500+ 跌倒了 67 （冷起生效，有时效性问题），可以确认修复有效，并且没有舆情反馈。全量后，经过观察，带有 Hook 方案的手机淘宝 Crash 基本跌 0，至此此 Bug 彻底修复。日降低 Crash 1200+，影响设备 1000+ 。

06 总结

稳定性治理是一个长期的事情，由于前期同事的努力使得用户Crash 基本解决，一些操作系统的 Bug 逐步浮出水面，冲上排行榜，起初我并没有信心解决系统的 Bug，但是在定位过程中利用自己学习到的知识抽丝剥茧逐步定位到问题，也让自己对系统 Crash 不在畏惧，同时感谢同事在排查Bug 期间的经验输出和指导。同时在定位过程中如有疑问或错误，欢迎讨论、指正。

07 参考资料

iOS app crashed on iOS 16 https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/718305
The-ABI-for-ARM-64-bit-Architecture https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0024/a/The-ABI-for-ARM-64-bit-Architecture/Register-use-in-the-AArch64-Procedure-Call-Standard/Parameters-in-general-purpose-registers
WebKit https://github.com/WebKit/WebKit