python图片验证码生成代码

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本文实例为大家分享了python图片验证码实现代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下


    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

    import random
    from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

    try:
      import cStringIO as StringIO
    except ImportError:
      import StringIO

    _letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy"            # 小写字母
    _upper_cases = "ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXY"            # 大写字母
    _numbers = "1234567890"                     # 数字
    init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))  # 生成允许的字符集合
    default_font = "./DejaVuSans.ttf"                # 验证码字体


    # 生成验证码接口
    def generate_verify_image(size=(120, 30),
                 chars=init_chars,
                 img_type="GIF",
                 mode="RGB",
                 bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                 fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                 font_size=18,
                 font_type=default_font,
                 length=4,
                 draw_lines=True,
                 n_line=(1, 2),
                 draw_points=True,
                 point_chance=2,
                 save_img=False):

      """
      生成验证码图片
      :param size: 图片的大小,格式(宽,高),默认为(120, 30)
      :param chars: 允许的字符集合,格式字符串
      :param img_type: 图片保存的格式,默认为GIF,可选的为GIF,JPEG,TIFF,PNG
      :param mode: 图片模式,默认为RGB
      :param bg_color: 背景颜色,默认为白色
      :param fg_color: 前景色,验证码字符颜色,默认为蓝色#0000FF
      :param font_size: 验证码字体大小
      :param font_type: 验证码字体,默认为 DejaVuSans.ttf
      :param length: 验证码字符个数
      :param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线
      :param n_line: 干扰线的条数范围,格式元组,默认为(1, 2),只有draw_lines为True时有效
      :param draw_points: 是否画干扰点
      :param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率,大小范围[0, 100]
      :param save_img: 是否保存为图片
      :return: [0]: 验证码字节流, [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串
      """

      width, height = size # 宽, 高
      img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形
      draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔

      def get_chars():
        """生成给定长度的字符串,返回列表格式"""

        return random.sample(chars, length)

      def create_lines():
        """绘制干扰线"""

        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数

        for i in range(line_num):
          # 起始点
          begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
          # 结束点
          end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
          draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

      def create_points():
        """绘制干扰点"""

        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]

        for w in xrange(width):
          for h in xrange(height):
            tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
            if tmp > 100 - chance:
              draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

      def create_strs():
        """绘制验证码字符"""

        c_chars = get_chars()
        strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开

        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
             strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)

        return ''.join(c_chars)

      if draw_lines:
        create_lines()
      if draw_points:
        create_points()
      strs = create_strs()

      # 图形扭曲参数
      params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
           0,
           0,
           0,
           1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
           float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
           0.001,
           float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
           ]
      img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲

      img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜,边界加强(阈值更大)

      mstream = StringIO.StringIO()
      img.save(mstream, img_type)

      if save_img:
        img.save("validate.gif", img_type)

      return mstream, strs


    if __name__ == "__main__":
      mstream, strs = generate_verify_image(save_img=True)
      print strs

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