python运行时间的几种方法

453次阅读  |  发布于5年以前

最早见过手写的,类似于下面这种:


     import datetime
     def time_1():

     begin = datetime.datetime.now()

     sum = 0

     for i in xrange(10000000):

      sum = sum + i

     end = datetime.datetime.now()

     return end-begin
    print time_1()

输出如下:

➜ Python python time_1.py

0:00:00.280797

另外一种方法是使用timeit模块,使用方法如下:


    In [5]: import timeit
    In [6]: timeit.timeit("sum(range(100))")
    Out[6]: 1.2272648811340332

还可以在命令行上使用这种timeit模块,如下:


    ➜ Python python -m timeit -s"import time_1 as t" "t.time_1()"
    0:00:00.282044
    10 loops, best of 3: 279 msec per loop

注意:timeit模块会多次运行程序以获得更精确的时间,所以需要避免重复执行带来的影响。比方说x.sort()这种操作,因为第一次执行之后,后边已经是排好的了,准确性就收到了影响。
还有一种方法是使用cProfile模块,代码如下,名字为time_1.py:


     import datetime

     def time_1():

     begin = datetime.datetime.now()

     sum = 0

     for i in xrange(10000000):

      sum = sum + i

     end = datetime.datetime.now()

     return end-begin



     if __name__ == '__main__':

     print time_1()

    import cProfile

     cProfile.run('time_1()')

运行程序结果如下: 


    ➜ Python python time_1.py

    0:00:00.282828

      2 function calls in 0.000 seconds 

     Ordered by: standard name

     ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function)

     1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 <string>:1(<module>)

     1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' objects}

    Traceback (most recent call last):

     File "time_1.py", line 15, in <module>

     cProfile.run('main()')

     File "/usr/lib/python2.7/cProfile.py", line 29, in run

     prof = prof.run(statement)

     File "/usr/lib/python2.7/cProfile.py", line 135, in run

     return self.runctx(cmd, dict, dict)

     File "/usr/lib/python2.7/cProfile.py", line 140, in runctx

     exec cmd in globals, locals

     File "<string>", line 1, in <module>

    NameError: name 'main' is not defined

    ➜ Python vi time_1.py

    ➜ Python python time_1.py

    0:00:00.284642

      5 function calls in 0.281 seconds

     Ordered by: standard name

     ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function)

     1 0.000 0.000 0.281 0.281 <string>:1(<module>)

     1 0.281 0.281 0.281 0.281 time_1.py:3(time_1)

     2 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {built-in method now}

     1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' objects}

一开始代码里最后一行写的是cProfile.run('main()'),提示没有main(),将main()改成函数名字就可以了。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家学习python程序设计有所帮助。

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