从零学python系列之数据处理编程实例(二)

433次阅读  |  发布于5年以前

在上一节从零学python系列之数据处理编程实例(一)的基础上数据发生了变化,文件中除了学生的成绩外,新增了学生姓名和出生年月的信息,因此将要成变成:分别根据姓名输出每个学生的无重复的前三个最好成绩和出生年月

数据准备:分别建立四个文本文件

          james2.txt     James Lee,2002-3-14,2-34,3:21,2.34,2.45,3.01,2:01,2:01,3:10,2-22

          julie2.txt        Julie Jones,2002-8-17,2.59,2.11,2:11,2:23,3-10,2-23,3:10,3.21,3-21

          mikey2.txt      Mikey McManus,2002-2-24,2:22,3.01,3:01,3.02,3:02,3.02,3:22,2.49,2:38

          sarah2.txt      Sarah Sweeney,2002-6-17,2:58,2.58,2:39,2-25,2-55,2:54,2.18,2:55,2:55

在上一节基础上,修改部分代码,将新要求实现如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

import os
print(os.getcwd())
os.chdir('C:\Python33\HeadFirstPython\hfpy_code\chapter6') #将工作空间修改为文件所在的目录

定义函数get_filedata从文件中取值

def get_filedata(filename):
try:
with open(filename) as f: #with语句打开和自动关闭文件
data=f.readline() #从文件中逐行读取字符
data_list=data.strip().split(',') #将字符间的空格清除后,用逗号分隔字符
return({
"name" : data_list.pop(0),
"date_of_birth" : data_list.pop(0),
"times" : str(sorted(set([modify_time_format(s) for s in data_list]))[0:3])
}) #使用字典将关联的姓名,出生年月,时间键和值进行存储并返回
except IOError as ioerr:
print ('File Error' + str(ioerr)) #异常处理,打印错误
return (None)

定义函数modify_time_format将所有文件中的时分表达方式统一为"分.秒"

def modify_time_format(time_string):
if "-" in time_string:
splitter="-"
elif ":" in time_string:
splitter=":"
else:
splitter="."
(mins, secs)=time_string.split(splitter) #用分隔符splitter分隔字符后分别存入mins和secs
return (mins+ '.' +secs)

定义函数get_prev_three返回文件中排名前三的不重复的时间成绩

def get_prev_three(filename):
new_list=[modify_time_format(each_t) for each_t in get_filedata(filename)] #采用列表推导将统一时分表达方式后的记录生成新的列表
delete_repetition=set(new_list) #采用集合set函数删除新列表中重复项,并生成新的集合
in_order=sorted(delete_repetition) #采用复制排序sorted函数对无重复性的新集合进行排序
return (in_order[0:3])

输出james的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月

james = get_filedata('james2.txt')
print (james["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + james["times"])
print (james["name"] + "'s birthday is: " + james["date_of_birth"])

输出julie的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月

julie = get_filedata('julie2.txt')
print (julie["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + julie["times"])
print (julie["name"] + "'s birthday is: " + julie["date_of_birth"])

输出mikey的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月

mikey = get_filedata('mikey2.txt')
print (mikey["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + mikey["times"])
print (mikey["name"] + "'s birthday is: " + mikey["date_of_birth"])

输出sarah的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月

sarah = get_filedata('sarah2.txt')
print (sarah["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + sarah["times"])
print (sarah["name"] + "'s birthday is: " + sarah["date_of_birth"])

Copyright© 2013-2020

All Rights Reserved 京ICP备2023019179号-8