Python新手实现2048小游戏

接触 Python 不久，看到很多人写2048，自己也捣鼓了一个，主要是熟悉Python语法。

程序使用Python3 写的，代码150行左右，基于控制台，方向键使用输入字符模拟。

演示图片

2048.py

    # -*- coding:UTF-8 -*-
    #! /usr/bin/python3

    import random

    v = [[0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 0]]

    def display(v, score):
        '''显示界面

        '''
        print('{0:4} {1:4} {2:4} {3:4}'.format(v[0][0], v[0][1], v[0][2], v[0][3]))
        print('{0:4} {1:4} {2:4} {3:4}'.format(v[1][0], v[1][1], v[1][2], v[1][3]))
        print('{0:4} {1:4} {2:4} {3:4}'.format(v[2][0], v[2][1], v[2][2], v[2][3]))
        print('{0:4} {1:4} {2:4} {3:4}'.format(v[3][0], v[3][1], v[3][2], v[3][3]), '  Total score: ', score)

    def init(v):
        '''随机分布网格值

        '''
        for i in range(4):
            v[i] = [random.choice([0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 4]) for x in range(4)]

    def align(vList, direction):
        '''对齐非零的数字

        direction == 'left'：向左对齐，例如[8,0,0,2]左对齐后[8,2,0,0]
        direction == 'right'：向右对齐，例如[8,0,0,2]右对齐后[0,0,8,2]
        '''

        # 移除列表中的0
        for i in range(vList.count(0)):
            vList.remove(0)
        # 被移除的0
        zeros = [0 for x in range(4 - len(vList))]
        # 在非0数字的一侧补充0
        if direction == 'left':
            vList.extend(zeros)
        else:
            vList[:0] = zeros

    def addSame(vList, direction):
        '''在列表查找相同且相邻的数字相加, 找到符合条件的返回True，否则返回False,同时还返回增加的分数

        direction == 'left':从右向左查找，找到相同且相邻的两个数字，左侧数字翻倍，右侧数字置0
        direction == 'right':从左向右查找，找到相同且相邻的两个数字，右侧数字翻倍，左侧数字置0
        '''
        score = 0
        if direction == 'left':
            for i in [0, 1, 2]:
                if vList[i] == vList[i+1] != 0: 
                    vList[i] *= 2
                    vList[i+1] = 0
                    score += vList[i]
                    return {'bool':True, 'score':score}
        else:
            for i in [3, 2, 1]:
                if vList[i] == vList[i-1] != 0:
                    vList[i-1] *= 2
                    vList[i] = 0
                    score += vList[i-1]
                    return {'bool':True, 'score':score}
        return {'bool':False, 'score':score}

    def handle(vList, direction):
        '''处理一行（列）中的数据，得到最终的该行（列）的数字状态值, 返回得分

        vList: 列表结构，存储了一行（列）中的数据
        direction: 移动方向,向上和向左都使用方向'left'，向右和向下都使用'right'
        '''
        totalScore = 0
        align(vList, direction)
        result = addSame(vList, direction)
        while result['bool'] == True:
            totalScore += result['score']
            align(vList, direction)
            result = addSame(vList, direction)
        return totalScore


    def operation(v):
        '''根据移动方向重新计算矩阵状态值，并记录得分
        '''
        totalScore = 0
        gameOver = False
        direction = 'left'
        op = input('operator:')
        if op in ['a', 'A']:  # 向左移动
            direction = 'left'
            for row in range(4):
                totalScore += handle(v[row], direction)
        elif op in ['d', 'D']: # 向右移动
            direction = 'right'
            for row in range(4):
                totalScore += handle(v[row], direction)
        elif op in ['w', 'W']: # 向上移动
            direction = 'left'
            for col in range(4):
                # 将矩阵中一列复制到一个列表中然后处理
                vList = [v[row][col] for row in range(4)]
                totalScore += handle(vList, direction)
                # 从处理后的列表中的数字覆盖原来矩阵中的值
                for row in range(4):
                    v[row][col] = vList[row]
        elif op in ['s', 'S']: # 向下移动
            direction = 'right'
            for col in range(4):
                # 同上
                vList = [v[row][col] for row in range(4)]
                totalScore += handle(vList, direction)
                for row in range(4):
                    v[row][col] = vList[row]
        else:
            print('Invalid input, please enter a charactor in [W, S, A, D] or the lower')
            return {'gameOver':gameOver, 'score':totalScore}

        # 统计空白区域数目 N
        N = 0
        for q in v:
          N += q.count(0)
        # 不存在剩余的空白区域时，游戏结束
        if N == 0:
            gameOver = True
            return {'gameOver':gameOver, 'score':totalScore}

        # 按2和4出现的几率为3/1来产生随机数2和4
        num = random.choice([2, 2, 2, 4]) 
        # 产生随机数k，上一步产生的2或4将被填到第k个空白区域
        k = random.randrange(1, N+1)
        n = 0
        for i in range(4):
            for j in range(4):
                if v[i][j] == 0:
                    n += 1
                    if n == k:
                        v[i][j] = num
                        break

        return {'gameOver':gameOver, 'score':totalScore}

    init(v)
    score = 0
    print('Input：W(Up) S(Down) A(Left) D(Right), press <CR>.')
    while True:
        display(v, score)
        result = operation(v)
        if result['gameOver'] == True:
            print('Game Over, You failed!')
            print('Your total score:', score)
        else:
            score += result['score']
            if score >= 2048:
                print('Game Over, You Win!!!')
                print('Your total score:', score)

以上所述就是本文给大家分享的全部代码了，希望能够对大家学习Python有所帮助。