简单的python后台管理程序

781次阅读  |  发布于5年以前

一、作业需求

二、流程图

三、源码与具体思路


     import shutil
    import os
    import sys


    USER_LOGIN = {'is_login': False}

    def outer(func):     #装饰器,若没有登陆则输出"请登陆"
     def inner(*args, **kwargs):
      if USER_LOGIN['is_login']:
       r = func(*args, **kwargs)
       return r
      else:
       print("请登陆")
     return inner


    def outer1(func):     #装饰器,若不是管理员则输出"权限不足"
     def inner1(*args, **kwargs):
      if USER_LOGIN['user_type'] == '2':
       r = func(*args, **kwargs)
       return r
      else:
       print("不是管理员,权限不足")
     return inner1


    @outer
    def change_pwd(changed_user, changed_pwd, type_user):   #修改密码
     if type_user == '1':
      print("欢迎%s修改密码".center(50, '-') % USER_LOGIN['current_user'])
      with open('regist', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f1, open('regist_new', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f2:
       for line in f1:
        read_list = line.strip().split('|')
        if read_list[0] == changed_user:
         read_list[1] = changed_pwd
         f2.write('|'.join(read_list) + '\n')
         continue

        f2.write(line)
      shutil.move('regist', 'regist_bak') #把regist文件复制到regist_bak文件中去
      os.rename('regist_new', 'regist') #再将regist_new改名为regist 妙妙妙!
     else:
      print("没有权限修改管理员密码")



    @outer
    def look_information(): #查看本用户信息
     print("欢迎%s查看信息".center(50, '-') % USER_LOGIN['current_user'])
     with open('regist', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
      for line in f:
       read_list = line.strip().split('|')
       if read_list[0] == USER_LOGIN['current_user']:
        print("用户名:%s" % read_list[0])
        print("密码:%s" % read_list[1])
        print("邮箱:%s" % read_list[2])
        print("电话:%s" % read_list[3])



    def login(user, pwd):   #登陆
     with open('regist', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
      for line in f:
       read_list = line.strip().split('|')
       if read_list[0] == user and read_list[1] == pwd: #若用户存在
        USER_LOGIN['is_login'] = True
        USER_LOGIN['current_user'] = user
        USER_LOGIN['user_type'] = read_list[-1]
        print("欢迎%s登陆".center(50, '-') % USER_LOGIN['current_user'])
        break

     if not USER_LOGIN['is_login']: #若用户还没注册
      print("用户不存在,请注册")



    def register(reg_user, reg_pwd, reg_email, reg_phone): #注册
     register_list = []
     register_list.append(reg_user) #将用户信息加入列表
     register_list.append(reg_pwd)
     register_list.append(reg_email)
     register_list.append(reg_phone)
     register_list.append('1')
     with open('regist', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: #将用户信息写入文件
      li = '|'.join(register_list)
      f.write(li + '\n')

     print("注册/添加信息:", li)




    def delete_func(dele_user, type_user): #删除普通用户
     if type_user == '1': #若删除的是普通用户
      exit_flag = False
      with open('regist', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as f1, open('regist_new', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f2:
       for line in f1:
        ret_list = line.strip().split('|')
        if ret_list[0] == dele_user:
         exit_flag = True  #标志位原本设为False,当找到相应用户删除后,标志位设为True
         print("普通用户删除成功")
         continue
        f2.write(line)
      shutil.move('regist', 'regist_bak')
      os.rename('regist_new', 'regist')

      if not exit_flag:
       print("要删除普通用户不存在")
     elif type_user == '2': #若删除的是管理员用户
      print("没有权限删除管理员帐号")



    def upper_level(upper_user): #升级为管理员
     with open('regist', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as f1, open('regist_new', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f2:
      for line in f1:
       li = line.strip().split('|')
       if li[0] == upper_user:
        li[-1] = '2'
        print("%s已成为管理员" % upper_user)
        f2.write('|'.join(li) + '\n')
        continue
       f2.write(line)

     shutil.move('regist', 'regist_bak')
     os.rename('regist_new', 'regist')



    def search(search_info):  #简单搜索
     with open('regist', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
      for line in f:
       ret_list = line.strip().split('|')
       if search_info in ret_list:
        print(ret_list)



    def get_usertype(user):  #通地用户名获得用户类型,返回1或2
     with open('regist', 'r+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
      for line in f:
       li = line.strip().split('|')
       if li[0] == user:
        return li[-1]  #返回帐号的类型 1或2



    @outer1
    def admin_user():   #管理员调用
     num = input("请选择:1.修改密码;2.查看本用户信息;3.修改普通用户密码;"
        "4.删除/添加普通用户;5.权限管理;6.关键字搜索普通用户信息;7.退出:")
     if num == '1':
      new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
      change_pwd(new_pwd)
     elif num == '2':
      look_information()
     elif num == '3':
      user_changed = input("请输入修改密码的用户名:")
      type_user = get_usertype(user_changed)
      new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
      change_pwd(user_changed, new_pwd, type_user)
     elif num == '4':
      add_or_dele = input("1.删除普通用户;2.添加普通用户")
      if add_or_dele == '1':
       delete_username = input("请输入要删除普通用户的用户名:")
       type_user = get_usertype(delete_username)
       delete_func(delete_username, type_user)
      elif add_or_dele == '2':
       regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
       regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
       regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
       regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
       register(regi_username, regi_pwd, regi_email, regi_phone)
     elif num == '5':
      upper_user = input("请输入升级为管理员的普通用户名:")
      upper_level(upper_user)

     elif num == '6':
      search_information = input("请输入要查找的关键字:")
      search(search_information)
     elif num == '7':
      sys.exit()





    def main():

     while True:
      choice = input("请选择:1.登陆;2.注册;3.修改密码;4.查看信息;5.后台管理;6.退出:")
      if choice == '1':
       username = input("请输入用名名:")
       password = input("请输入密码:")
       login(username, password)
      elif choice == '2':
       regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
       regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
       regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
       regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
       register(regi_username, regi_pwd,regi_email,regi_phone)
       print("注册成功".center(50, '*'))
      elif choice == '3':
       new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
       current_user = USER_LOGIN['current_user']
       change_pwd(current_user, new_pwd)
       print("修改密码成功,请重新登陆".center(50, '-'))
       sys.exit()
      elif choice == '4':
       look_information()
      elif choice == '5':
       admin_user()
      elif choice == '6':
       sys.exit()


    main()

为了方便,再贴下不折叠代码


    @outer1
    def admin_user():   #管理员调用
     num = input("请选择:1.修改密码;2.查看本用户信息;3.修改普通用户密码;"
              "4.删除/添加普通用户;5.权限管理;6.关键字搜索普通用户信息;7.退出:")
     if num == '1':
      new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
      change_pwd(new_pwd)
     elif num == '2':
      look_information()
     elif num == '3':
      user_changed = input("请输入修改密码的用户名:")
      type_user = get_usertype(user_changed)
      new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
      change_pwd(user_changed, new_pwd, type_user)
     elif num == '4':
      add_or_dele = input("1.删除普通用户;2.添加普通用户")
      if add_or_dele == '1':
       delete_username = input("请输入要删除普通用户的用户名:")
       type_user = get_usertype(delete_username)
       delete_func(delete_username, type_user)
      elif add_or_dele == '2':
       regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
       regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
       regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
       regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
       register(regi_username, regi_pwd, regi_email, regi_phone)
     elif num == '5':
      upper_user = input("请输入升级为管理员的普通用户名:")
      upper_level(upper_user)

     elif num == '6':
      search_information = input("请输入要查找的关键字:")
      search(search_information)
     elif num == '7':
      sys.exit()





    def main():

     while True:
      choice = input("请选择:1.登陆;2.注册;3.修改密码;4.查看信息;5.后台管理;6.退出:")
      if choice == '1':
       username = input("请输入用名名:")
       password = input("请输入密码:")
       login(username, password)
      elif choice == '2':
       regi_username = input("请输入注册用户名:")
       regi_pwd = input("请输入注册密码:")
       regi_email = input("请输入邮箱:")
       regi_phone = input("请输入电话:")
       register(regi_username, regi_pwd,regi_email,regi_phone)
       print("注册成功".center(50, '*'))
      elif choice == '3':
       new_pwd = input("请输入新的密码:")
       current_user = USER_LOGIN['current_user']
       change_pwd(current_user, new_pwd)
       print("修改密码成功,请重新登陆".center(50, '-'))
       sys.exit()
      elif choice == '4':
       look_information()
      elif choice == '5':
       admin_user()
      elif choice == '6':
       sys.exit()

    main()

四、坑总结

1.怎么修改密码?

当时我蒙了。因为如果用f.write(xx),是直接写在文件的最后面的。这样我想,好吧写在最后面也行。

但将已修改密码的记录加在最后一行,那又怎么把原来的删掉?又多了一个麻烦。

或者说,不加在最后一行,直接改那一行,又怎么做?


    shutil.move('regist', 'regist_bak') 
    #把regist文件复制到regist_bak文件中去
    os.rename('regist_new', 'regist') 
    #再将regist_new改名为regist   妙妙妙!

2.怎么修改用户user_type(将1改为2)

我看到有的博客有replace()方法。
new_str = line.replace(read_list[1], changed_pwd) 刚开始我也用了,但是,后来有BUG!
比如:当用户名与密码一样是,修改密码时,把密码也修改了。还不止,用replace()方法,在改
user_type时也出现把用户名等修改的现象。当时我再次蒙比。这不科学!
后来仔细看了replace()的源码才发现我错了。
也可以看看Python replace()方法

3.当我登入管理员后,添加普通用户后,发现不能再次登入管理员了。

于是我回去看register(reg_user, reg_pwd, reg_email, reg_phone),
发现我滥用全局变量


    USER_LOGIN['user_type'] = '1'
    register_list.append(USER_LOGIN['user_type'])

原来这里我重新赋值USER_LOGIN['user_type'] = '1'

后来为了解决这类问题,写了个get_user_type()方法

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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