python正则表达式之作业计算器

672次阅读  |  发布于5年以前

作业:计算器开发

实现加减乘除及拓号优先级解析
用户输入 1 - 2 ( (60-30 +(-40/5) (9-25/3 + 7 /399/42998 +10 568/14 )) - (-43)/ (16-32) )等类似公式后,必须自己解析里面的(),+,-,*,/符号和公式,运算后得出结果,结果必须与真实的计算器所得出的结果一致
一、说明:

有一点bug就是不能计算幂次方,如:'6**6'会报错

该计算器思路:
1、没用使用递归,先找出并计算所有括号里的公式,再计算乘除和加减
2、所有的数字都认为是浮点型操作,以此来保留小数
使用技术:
1、正则表达式
2、tkinter

二、流程图:

三、代码如下:


    #!/usr/bin/env python3
    #antuor:Alan

    import re
    from functools import reduce
    from tkinter import *



    '''处理特殊-号运算'''
    def minus_operation(expresstion):
      minus_operators = re.split("-",expresstion)
      calc_list = re.findall("[0-9]",expresstion)
      if minus_operators[0] =="":
        calc_list[0] = '-%s' % calc_list[0]
      res = reduce(lambda x,y:float(x)-float(y),calc_list)
      print(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>减号[%s]运算结果:" % expresstion,res)
      return res

    '''reduce()对sequence连续使用function, 如果不给出initial, 则第一次调用传递sequence的两个元素,
    以后把前一次调用的结果和sequence的下一个元素传递给function'''




    '''处理双运算符号'''
    def del_duplicates(expresstion):
      expresstion = expresstion.replace("++","+")
      expresstion = expresstion.replace("--","-")
      expresstion = expresstion.replace("+-","-")
      expresstion = expresstion.replace("--","+")
      expresstion = expresstion.replace('- -',"+")
      e
      return expresstion

    '''*/运算函数'''
    def mutiply_dividend(expresstion):
      calc_list = re.split("[*/]",expresstion)     #用* or /分割公式
      operators = re.findall("[*/]",expresstion)    #找出所有*和/号
      res = None
      for index,i in enumerate(calc_list):
        if res:
          if operators[index-1] =='*':
            res *= float(i)
          elif operators[index-1] =='/':
            res /=float(i)
        else :
          res = float(i)
      procession0 = "[%s]运算结果=" % expresstion,res
      final_result.insert(END,procession0)    #插入窗体
      print(procession0)
      return res



    '''处理运算符号顺序混乱情况'''
    def special_features(plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend):

      for index,i in enumerate(multiply_and_dividend):
        i = i.strip()
        if i.endswith("*") or i.endswith("/"):
          multiply_and_dividend[index] = multiply_and_dividend[index] + plus_and_minus_operators[index] + multiply_and_dividend[index+1]
          del multiply_and_dividend[index+1]
          del plus_and_minus_operators[index]
      return plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend



    def minus_special(operator_list,calc_list):
      for index,i in enumerate(calc_list):
        if i =='':
          calc_list[index+1] = i + calc_list[index+1].strip()



    '''运算除了()的公式+-*/'''
    def figure_up(expresstion):
      expresstion = expresstion.strip("()")    #去掉外面括号
      expresstion = del_duplicates(expresstion)  #去掉重复+-号
      plus_and_minus_operators = re.findall("[+-]",expresstion)
      multiply_and_dividend = re.split("[+-]",expresstion)
      if len(multiply_and_dividend[0].strip()) ==0:
        multiply_and_dividend[1] = plus_and_minus_operators[0] + multiply_and_dividend[1]
        del multiply_and_dividend[0]
        del plus_and_minus_operators[0]

      plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend = special_features(plus_and_minus_operators,multiply_and_dividend)
      for index,i in enumerate(multiply_and_dividend):
        if re.search("[*/]",i):
          sub_res = mutiply_dividend(i)
          multiply_and_dividend[index] = sub_res

      print(multiply_and_dividend,plus_and_minus_operators)  #计算
      final_res = None
      for index,item in enumerate(multiply_and_dividend):
        if final_res:
          if plus_and_minus_operators[index-1] == '+':
            final_res += float(item)
          elif plus_and_minus_operators[index-1] == '-':
            final_res -= float(item)
        else:
          final_res = float(item)
      procession = '[%s]计算结果:' % expresstion,final_res
      final_result.insert(END,procession)    #插入窗体
      print(procession)
      return final_res

    """主函数:运算逻辑:先计算拓号里的值,算出来后再算乘除,再算加减"""
    def calculate():
      expresstion = expresstions.get()         #获取输入框值
      flage = True
      calculate_res = None               #初始化计算结果为None
      while flage:
        m = re.search("\([^()]*\)",expresstion)    #先找最里层的()
        # pattern = re.compile(r"\([^()]*\)")
        # m = pattern.match(expresstion)
        if m:
          sub_res = figure_up(m.group())      #运算()里的公式
          expresstion = expresstion.replace(m.group(),str(sub_res))  #运算完毕把结果替换掉公式
        else:
          print('---------------括号已经计算完毕--------------')
          procession1 = "最终计算结果:",figure_up(expresstion)
          final_result.insert(END,procession1)   #插入窗体
          print('\033[31m最终计算结果:',figure_up(expresstion))

          flage = False


    if __name__=="__main__":
      # res = calculate("1 - 2 * ( (60-30 +(-40/5) * (9-2*5/3 + 7 /3*99/4*2998 +10 * 568/14 )) - (-4*3)/ (16-3*2) )")
      window = Tk()         ###创建窗体
      window.title('计算器')    ###命名窗体
      frame1 = Frame(window)    ###框架1
      frame1.pack()        ###放置
      frame2 = Frame(window)    ###框架2
      frame2.pack()        ###放置
      lable = Label(frame1,text = "请输入公式:")  ###文字标签
      lable.pack()
      expresstions = StringVar()  ###输入框属性,字符串
      entryname = Entry(frame1,textvariable = expresstions) ###文本输入框
      bt_get_expresstions = Button(frame1,text = "提交",command = calculate) ###按钮挂件
      bt_get_expresstions.pack()
      entryname.pack()
      lable.grid(row =1,column =1)  ###位置
      entryname.grid(row=1,column =2)
      bt_get_expresstions.grid(row =1,column =3)
      final_result = Text(frame2)  ###计算结果显示框
      final_result.tag_config("here", background="yellow", foreground="blue")
      final_result.pack()
      window.mainloop()       ###事件循环

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