Python简单网络编程示例【客户端与服务端】

本文实例讲述了Python简单网络编程。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

内容目录

1. 客户端（client.py）
2. 服务端（server.py）

一、客户端（client.py）

    import socket
    import sys
    port = 70
    host = sys.argv[1]
    filename = sys.argv[2]
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.connect((host, port))
    fd = s.makefile("rw", 0)
    fd.write(filename + "\n")
    for line in fd.readlines():
      sys.stdout.write(line)

程序通过socket.socket()建立一个Socket，参数告诉系统需要一个Internet Socket进行TCP通信。接着程序链接远程的主机名，并提供文件名。最后获得响应后在屏幕上打印出来。

测试

    python client.py quux.org /

显示

    iWelcome to gopher at quux.org! fake  (NULL) 0
    i  fake  (NULL) 0
    iThis server has a lot of information of historic interest, fake  (NULL) 0
    ifunny, or just plain entertaining -- all presented in Gopher. fake  (NULL) 0
    iThere are many mirrors here of rare or valuable files with the fake  (NULL) 0
    iaim to preserve them in case their host disappears. PLEASE READ  fake  (NULL) 0
    i"About This Server" FOR IMPORTANT NOTES AND LEGAL INFORMATION. fake  (NULL) 0
    i  fake  (NULL) 0
    0About This Server /About This Server.txt gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Archives  /Archives  gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Books /Books gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Communication /Communication gopher.quux.org 70 +
    iThis directory contains the entire text of the book  fake  (NULL) 0
    i"We the Media: Grassroots Journalism by the People, for the People"  fake  (NULL) 0
    iby Dan Gillmor in various formats. fake  (NULL) 0
    i  fake  (NULL) 0
    iFeel free to download and enjoy.  fake  (NULL) 0
    1Computers /Computers gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Current Issues and Events (Updated Apr. 23, 2002) /Current  gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Development Projects  /devel gopher.quux.org 70 +
    0Gopher's 10th Anniversary /3.0.0.txt gopher.quux.org 70
    1Government, Politics, Law, and Conflict  /Government gopher.quux.org 70 +
    0How To Help  /How To Help.txt  gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Humor and Fun /Humor and Fun gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Index to Quux.Org /Archives/index gopher.quux.org 70
    1Internet  /Internet  gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Other Gopher Servers  /Software/Gopher/servers  gopher.quux.org 70
    1People /People gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Reference /Reference gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1Software and Downloads /Software  gopher.quux.org 70 +
    1The Gopher Project /Software/Gopher  gopher.quux.org 70
    0What's New /whatsnew.txt  gopher.quux.org 70 +　

二、服务端（server.py）

    # coding: utf-8
    import socket
    host = ''
    port = 51421
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
    s.bind((host, port))
    s.listen(1)        #每次最多只有一个等候处理
    print "Server is running on port %d; press Ctrl-C to terminate." %port
    while 1:
      clientsock, clientaddr = s.accept()
      clientfile = clientsock.makefile('rw', 0)
      clientfile.write("Welcome, " + str(clientaddr) + "\n")
      clientfile.write("Please enter a string: ")
      line = clientfile.readline().strip()
      clientfile.write("You entered %d characters. \n" %len(line))
      clientfile.close()
      clientsock.close()

建立一个socket，设置成可复用的（reusable），绑定端口号51421（可选大于1024的任一值），调用listen（）函数，开始等待来自客户端的请求，同时设定最多只有一个等候处理的链接。

主循环对a.accept（）函数调用开始，程序连接一个客户端后立马停止，接收用户的输入。

运行一个例子

首先运行server.py

    python server.py

另开一个终端，连接localhost的51421端口。　

    jihite@ubuntu:~/web$ telnet localhost 51421
    Trying 127.0.0.1...
    Connected to localhost.
    Escape character is '^]'.
    Welcome, ('127.0.0.1', 59853)
    Please enter a string: mm
    You entered 2 characters.
    Connection closed by foreign host.

更多关于Python相关内容感兴趣的读者可查看本站专题：《Python Socket编程技巧总结》、《Python函数使用技巧总结》、《Python字符串操作技巧汇总》、《Python入门与进阶经典教程》及《Python文件与目录操作技巧汇总》

希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。