Python 3.x 连接数据库示例(pymysql 方式)

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由于 MySQLdb 模块还不支持 Python3.x,所以 Python3.x 如果想连接MySQL需要安装 pymysql 模块。

pymysql 模块可以通过 pip 安装。但如果你使用的是 pycharm IDE,则可以使用 project python 安装第三方模块。

[File] >> [settings] >> [Project: python] >> [Project Interpreter] >> [Install按钮]

由于Python统一了数据库连接的接口,所以 pymysql 和 MySQLdb 在使用方式上是类似的:

pymysql.Connect()参数说明

connection对象支持的方法

cursor对象支持的方法

==================MySQL===================

首先在连接数据库之前,先创建一个交易表,方便测试 pymysql 的功能:


    DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `trade`;

    CREATE TABLE `trade` (
     `id` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
     `name` varchar(6) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户真实姓名',
     `account` varchar(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '银行储蓄账号',
     `saving` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户储蓄金额',
     `expend` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户支出总计',
     `income` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户收入总计',
     PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
     UNIQUE KEY `name_UNIQUE` (`name`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    INSERT INTO `trade` VALUES (1,'乔布斯','18012345678',0.00,0.00,0.00);

==================Python===================

使用Python脚本实现增删改查和事务处理,源码如下:


    import pymysql.cursors

    # 连接数据库
    connect = pymysql.Connect(
      host='localhost',
      port=3310,
      user='woider',
      passwd='3243',
      db='python',
      charset='utf8'
    )

    # 获取游标
    cursor = connect.cursor()

    # 插入数据
    sql = "INSERT INTO trade (name, account, saving) VALUES ( '%s', '%s', %.2f )"
    data = ('雷军', '13512345678', 10000)
    cursor.execute(sql % data)
    connect.commit()
    print('成功插入', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

    # 修改数据
    sql = "UPDATE trade SET saving = %.2f WHERE account = '%s' "
    data = (8888, '13512345678')
    cursor.execute(sql % data)
    connect.commit()
    print('成功修改', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

    # 查询数据
    sql = "SELECT name,saving FROM trade WHERE account = '%s' "
    data = ('13512345678',)
    cursor.execute(sql % data)
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
      print("Name:%s\tSaving:%.2f" % row)
    print('共查找出', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

    # 删除数据
    sql = "DELETE FROM trade WHERE account = '%s' LIMIT %d"
    data = ('13512345678', 1)
    cursor.execute(sql % data)
    connect.commit()
    print('成功删除', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

    # 事务处理
    sql_1 = "UPDATE trade SET saving = saving + 1000 WHERE account = '18012345678' "
    sql_2 = "UPDATE trade SET expend = expend + 1000 WHERE account = '18012345678' "
    sql_3 = "UPDATE trade SET income = income + 2000 WHERE account = '18012345678' "

    try:
      cursor.execute(sql_1) # 储蓄增加1000
      cursor.execute(sql_2) # 支出增加1000
      cursor.execute(sql_3) # 收入增加2000
    except Exception as e:
      connect.rollback() # 事务回滚
      print('事务处理失败', e)
    else:
      connect.commit() # 事务提交
      print('事务处理成功', cursor.rowcount)

    # 关闭连接
    cursor.close()
    connect.close()

==================测试结果===================

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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