简单了解Python下用于监视文件系统的pyinotify包

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什么是inotify:

因此,典型的监控程序需要进行如下操作:

pyinotify包的安装


    git clone https://github.com/seb-m/pyinotify.git
    cd pyinotify/
    python setup.py install

Inotify 可以监视的文件系统事件包括:

IN_ACCESS,即文件被访问
IN_MODIFY,文件被write
IN_ATTRIB,文件属性被修改,如chmod、chown、touch等
IN_CLOSE_WRITE,可写文件被close
IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE,不可写文件被close
IN_OPEN,文件被open
IN_MOVED_FROM,文件被移走,如mv
IN_MOVED_TO,文件被移来,如mv、cp
IN_CREATE,创建新文件
IN_DELETE,文件被删除,如rm
IN_DELETE_SELF,自删除,即一个可执行文件在执行时删除自己
IN_MOVE_SELF,自移动,即一个可执行文件在执行时移动自己
IN_UNMOUNT,宿主文件系统被umount
IN_CLOSE,文件被关闭,等同于(IN_CLOSE_WRITE | IN_CLOSE_NOWRITE)
IN_MOVE,文件被移动,等同于(IN_MOVED_FROM | IN_MOVED_TO)

pyinotify使用例子


    #!/usr/bin/env python
    # encoding:utf-8

    import os
    from pyinotify import WatchManager, Notifier, \
    ProcessEvent,IN_DELETE, IN_CREATE,IN_MODIFY

    class EventHandler(ProcessEvent):
     """事件处理"""
     def process_IN_CREATE(self, event):
      print  "Create file: %s " %  os.path.join(event.path,event.name)

     def process_IN_DELETE(self, event):
      print  "Delete file: %s " %  os.path.join(event.path,event.name)

     def process_IN_MODIFY(self, event):
       print  "Modify file: %s " %  os.path.join(event.path,event.name)

    def FSMonitor(path='.'):
      wm = WatchManager() 
      mask = IN_DELETE | IN_CREATE |IN_MODIFY
      notifier = Notifier(wm, EventHandler())
      wm.add_watch(path, mask,auto_add=True,rec=True)
      print 'now starting monitor %s'%(path)
      while True:
       try:
         notifier.process_events()
         if notifier.check_events():
           notifier.read_events()
       except KeyboardInterrupt:
         notifier.stop()
         break

    if __name__ == "__main__":
     FSMonitor('/home/firefoxbug')

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