本节展示如何显示特定时间内用户空间锁竞争的情况。通过展示锁竞争的图景,你可以判断当前的性能问题是否由对futex的竞争所造成的。 简单地说,如果在同一时间内多个进程试图获取同一把锁,就会产生对futex的竞争。由于仅有一个进程可以持有锁,其他的进程都只能等待锁重新可用,锁竞争会导致性能的下降。 下面的futexes.stp脚本通过探测futex系统调用来显示锁竞争的情况:
futex
futexes.stp
#! /usr/bin/env stap # This script tries to identify contended user-space locks by hooking # into the futex system call. global FUTEX_WAIT = 0 /*, FUTEX_WAKE = 1 */ global FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG = 128 /* linux 2.6.22+ */ global FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME = 256 /* linux 2.6.29+ */ global lock_waits # long-lived stats on (tid,lock) blockage elapsed time global process_names # long-lived pid-to-execname mapping probe syscall.futex.return { if (($op & ~(FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG|FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME)) != FUTEX_WAIT) next process_names[pid()] = execname() elapsed = gettimeofday_us() - @entry(gettimeofday_us()) lock_waits[pid(), $uaddr] <<< elapsed } probe end { foreach ([pid+, lock] in lock_waits) printf ("%s[%d] lock %p contended %d times, %d avg us\n", process_names[pid], pid, lock, @count(lock_waits[pid,lock]), @avg(lock_waits[pid,lock])) }
futexes.stp需要手动Ctrl+C退出。一旦退出后,它会输出下面信息:
下面是futexes.stp在运行约20秒 退出时,大致的输出情况:
[...] automount[2825] lock 0x00bc7784 contended 18 times, 999931 avg us synergyc[3686] lock 0x0861e96c contended 192 times, 101991 avg us synergyc[3758] lock 0x08d98744 contended 192 times, 101990 avg us synergyc[3938] lock 0x0982a8b4 contended 192 times, 101997 avg us [...]
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